Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Integr Cancer Ther. 2024 Jan-Dec;23:15347354241243024. doi: 10.1177/15347354241243024.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related death in the world. Multiple evidence suggests that there is an association between excess fat consumption and the risk of CRC. The long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC n-3 PUFA), especially eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are essential for human health, and both and studies have shown that these fatty acids can prevent CRC development through various molecular mechanisms. These include the modulation of arachidonic acid (AA) derived prostaglandin synthesis, alteration of growth signaling pathways, arrest of the cell cycle, induction of cell apoptosis, suppression of angiogenesis and modulation of inflammatory response. Human clinical studies found that LC n-3 PUFA combined with chemotherapeutic agents can improve the efficacy of treatment and reduce the dosage of chemotherapy and associated side effects. In this review, we discuss comprehensively the anti-cancer effects of LC n-3 PUFA on CRC, with a main focus on the underlying molecular mechanisms.
结直肠癌（CRC）是全球癌症相关死亡的第三大主要原因。多项证据表明，脂肪摄入过多与 CRC 的风险之间存在关联。长链 n-3 多不饱和脂肪酸（LC n-3 PUFA），尤其是二十碳五烯酸（EPA）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA），对人体健康至关重要， 和 研究均表明，这些脂肪酸可通过多种分子机制预防 CRC 的发生。这些机制包括调节花生四烯酸（AA）衍生的前列腺素合成、改变生长信号通路、细胞周期停滞、诱导细胞凋亡、抑制血管生成和调节炎症反应。人体临床研究发现，LC n-3 PUFA 与化疗药物联合使用可以提高治疗效果，减少化疗药物剂量及相关副作用。在本文中，我们全面讨论了 LC n-3 PUFA 对 CRC 的抗癌作用，主要集中在潜在的分子机制上。
