Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
College of Nursing, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
Clin Anat. 2024 Sep;37(6):661-669. doi: 10.1002/ca.24178. Epub 2024 May 9.
Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies are poised to become an increasingly important part of education in the anatomical sciences. OpenAI has also introduced generative pretrained transformers (GPTs), which are customizable versions of the standard ChatGPT application. There is little research that has explored the potential of GPTs to serve as intelligent tutoring systems for learning the anatomical sciences. The objective of this study was to describe the design and explore the performance of AnatomyGPT, a customized artificial intelligence application intended for anatomical sciences education. The AnatomyGPT application was configured with GPT Builder by uploading open-source textbooks as knowledge sources and by providing pedagogical instructions for how to interact with users. The performance of AnatomyGPT was compared with ChatGPT by evaluating the responses of both applications to prompts of the National Board of Medical Examiners (NBME) sample items with respect to accuracy, rationales, and citations. AnatomyGPT achieved high scores on the NBME sample items for Gross Anatomy, Embryology, Histology, and Neuroscience and scored comparably to ChatGPT. In addition, AnatomyGPT provided several citations in the responses that it generated, while ChatGPT provided none. Both GPTs provided rationales for all sample items. The customized AnatomyGPT application demonstrated preliminary potential as an intelligent tutoring system by generating responses with increased citations as compared with the standard ChatGPT application. The findings of this study suggest that instructors and students may wish to create their own custom GPTs for teaching and learning anatomy. Future research is needed to further develop and characterize the potential of GPTs for anatomy education.
人工智能 (AI) 技术有望成为医学科学教育中越来越重要的一部分。OpenAI 还推出了生成式预训练转换器 (GPT)，这是标准 ChatGPT 应用程序的可定制版本。很少有研究探索 GPT 作为智能辅导系统在学习医学科学方面的潜力。本研究的目的是描述 AnatomyGPT 的设计，并探讨其性能，这是一款专为医学科学教育设计的定制人工智能应用程序。AnatomyGPT 应用程序通过将开源教科书上传为知识来源，并提供与用户交互的教学指导，使用 GPT Builder 进行配置。通过评估这两个应用程序对全国医师执照考试 (NBME) 样本题目的反应，比较了 AnatomyGPT 与 ChatGPT 的性能，包括准确性、推理和引用。AnatomyGPT 在大体解剖学、胚胎学、组织学和神经科学方面的 NBME 样本题中得分较高，与 ChatGPT 得分相当。此外，AnatomyGPT 在生成的回复中提供了几个引用，而 ChatGPT 则没有。两个 GPT 都为所有样本题提供了推理。与标准的 ChatGPT 应用程序相比，定制的 AnatomyGPT 应用程序通过生成带有更多引用的回复，初步展示了作为智能辅导系统的潜力。本研究结果表明，教师和学生可能希望为教学和学习解剖学创建自己的自定义 GPT。需要进一步的研究来进一步开发和描述 GPT 在解剖学教育中的潜力。
