Organic Synaptic Transistors with Environmentally Friendly Core/Shell Quantum Dots for Wavelength-Selective Memory and Neuromorphic Functions.

Organic transistors based on organic semiconductors together with quantum dots (QDs) are attracting more and more interest because both materials have excellent optoelectronic properties and solution processability. Electronics based on nontoxic QDs are highly desired considering the potential health risks but are limited by elevated surface defects, inadequate stability, and diminished luminescent efficiency. Herein, organic synaptic transistors based on environmentally friendly ZnSe/ZnS core/shell QDs with passivating surface defects are developed, exhibiting optically programmable and electrically erasable characteristics. The synaptic transistors feature linear multibit storage capability and wavelength-selective memory function with a retention time above 6000 s. Various neuromorphic applications, including memory enhancement, optical communication, and memory consolidation behaviors, are simulated. Utilizing an established neuromorphic model, accuracies of 92% and 91% are achieved in pattern recognition and complicated electrocardiogram signal processing, respectively. This research highlights the potential of environmentally friendly QDs in neuromorphic applications and health monitoring.