Department of Health Education & Health Promotion, Mahabad Faculty of Medical Sciences, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Golestan Teaching Hospital of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2024 May 9;24(1):228. doi: 10.1186/s12872-024-03882-3.
The COVID-19 virus has had wide-ranging effects on all healthcare systems and a direct impact on all areas of human life in all countries around the world. Therefore, it is necessary to take preventive actions to reduce the prevalence and severity of the complications associated with this disease. The purpose of this study was to explain the dimensions of adopting general self-care behaviors (mask-wearing, social distancing, hand hygiene, and home quarantine) for preventing COVID-19 based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB) in cardiovascular patients.
This was a descriptive-analytical study conducted with the participation of 420 patients referring to health and treatment centers of Ahvaz, southwest of Iran, in 2022. Sampling was done using a non-random (convenience) method. The data collection tool was a questionnaire containing items addressing demographic characteristics, questions related to the TPB, and questions dealing with the adoption of everyday self-care behaviors against contracting COVID-19. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods (prevalence, mean, standard deviation, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and linear regression) in SPSS version 25.
The results of this study showed that the rate of adoption of self-care behaviors against COVID-19 among cardiovascular patients was moderate. The results also showed that among the constructs of the TPB, Perceived behavioral control, Subjective norms, and Perceived behavioral intention were the most important predictors of adopting self-care behaviors among cardiovascular patients with a change variance of 46%.
The results of the present study have implications for health and treatment policy makers as well as planners of educational and behavioral interventions aimed at promoting the adoption of self-care behaviors against COVID-19. In this respect, managing and institutionalizing desirable behaviors among cardiovascular patients could be beneficial from economic, social, and health-related aspects.
COVID-19 病毒对所有医疗保健系统都产生了广泛的影响,并直接影响到世界各国所有人生活的各个领域。因此,有必要采取预防措施来降低与这种疾病相关的并发症的流行率和严重程度。本研究的目的是基于计划行为理论(TPB)解释心血管患者采用一般自我保健行为(戴口罩、保持社交距离、手部卫生和居家隔离)预防 COVID-19 的各个方面。
这是一项描述性分析研究,于 2022 年在伊朗西南部阿瓦兹的健康和治疗中心参与了 420 名患者。采用非随机(便利)方法进行抽样。数据收集工具是一份问卷,其中包含与人口统计学特征、与 TPB 相关的问题以及与采用日常自我保健行为预防 COVID-19 相关的问题。使用 SPSS 版本 25 中的描述性和推断性统计方法(流行率、平均值、标准差、皮尔逊相关系数和线性回归)分析数据。
本研究结果表明,心血管患者采取 COVID-19 自我保健行为的比例适中。结果还表明,在 TPB 的结构中,感知行为控制、主观规范和感知行为意图是心血管患者采取自我保健行为的最重要预测因素,可解释 46%的变化方差。
本研究结果对卫生和治疗政策制定者以及旨在促进 COVID-19 自我保健行为的教育和行为干预计划者具有启示意义。在这方面,从经济、社会和健康相关方面管理和制度化心血管患者的理想行为可能会带来益处。