Sivalogan Kasthuri, Liang Donghai, Accardi Carolyn, Diaz-Artiga Anaite, Hu Xin, Mollinedo Erick, Ramakrishnan Usha, Teeny Sami Nadeem, Tran ViLinh, Clasen Thomas F, Thompson Lisa M, Sinharoy Sheela S
Nutrition and Health Sciences, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.
Curr Dev Nutr. 2024 Apr 10;8(5):102144. doi: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.102144. eCollection 2024 May.
Maternal overweight and obesity has been associated with poor lactation performance including delayed lactogenesis and reduced duration. However, the effect on human milk composition is less well understood.
We evaluated the relationship of maternal BMI on the human milk metabolome among Guatemalan mothers.
We used data from 75 Guatemalan mothers who participated in the Household Air Pollution Intervention Network trial. Maternal BMI was measured between 9 and <20 weeks of gestation. Milk samples were collected at a single time point using aseptic collection from one breast at 6 mo postpartum and analyzed using high-resolution mass spectrometry. A cross-sectional untargeted high-resolution metabolomics analysis was performed by coupling hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) and reverse phase C18 chromatography with mass spectrometry. Metabolic features associated with maternal BMI were determined by a metabolome-wide association study (MWAS), adjusting for baseline maternal age, education, and dietary diversity, and perturbations in metabolic pathways were identified by pathway enrichment analysis.
The mean age of participants at baseline was 23.62 ± 3.81 y, and mean BMI was 24.27 ± 4.22 kg/m. Of the total metabolic features detected by HILIC column (19,199 features) and by C18 column (11,594 features), BMI was associated with 1026 HILIC and 500 C18 features. Enriched pathways represented amino acid metabolism, galactose metabolism, and xenobiotic metabolic metabolism. However, no significant features were identified after adjusting for multiple comparisons using the Benjamini-Hochberg false discovery rate procedure (FDR < 0.2).
Findings from this untargeted MWAS indicate that maternal BMI is associated with metabolic perturbations of galactose metabolism, xenobiotic metabolism, and xenobiotic metabolism by cytochrome p450 and biosynthesis of amino acid pathways. Significant metabolic pathway alterations detected in human milk were associated with energy metabolism-related pathways including carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism.This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02944682.
孕产妇超重和肥胖与泌乳表现不佳有关，包括泌乳延迟和持续时间缩短。然而，其对母乳成分的影响尚不太清楚。
我们评估了危地马拉母亲的母体BMI与母乳代谢组之间的关系。
我们使用了75名参与家庭空气污染干预网络试验的危地马拉母亲的数据。在妊娠9周至<20周期间测量母体BMI。产后6个月时，使用无菌采集法从一侧乳房采集一次乳汁样本，并采用高分辨率质谱法进行分析。通过亲水相互作用液相色谱（HILIC）和反相C18色谱与质谱联用进行横断面非靶向高分辨率代谢组学分析。通过代谢组全关联研究（MWAS）确定与母体BMI相关的代谢特征，并对基线时母亲的年龄、教育程度和饮食多样性进行校正，通过通路富集分析确定代谢途径中的扰动。
基线时参与者的平均年龄为23.62±3.81岁，平均BMI为24.27±4.22kg/m²。在通过HILIC柱检测到的全部代谢特征（19,199个特征）和通过C18柱检测到的全部代谢特征（11,594个特征）中，BMI与1026个HILIC特征和500个C18特征相关。富集的途径代表氨基酸代谢、半乳糖代谢和外源性物质代谢。然而，使用Benjamini-Hochberg错误发现率程序（FDR<0.2）进行多重比较校正后，未发现显著特征。
这项非靶向MWAS的研究结果表明，母体BMI与半乳糖代谢、外源性物质代谢以及细胞色素P450介导的外源性物质代谢和氨基酸途径的生物合成的代谢扰动有关。母乳中检测到的显著代谢途径改变与能量代谢相关途径有关，包括碳水化合物和氨基酸代谢。本试验已在clinicaltrials.gov注册，注册号为NCT02944682。
