不同伐桩处理对高强度经营巨尾桉人工林土壤侵蚀及水土流失的影响
Impacts of different slash disposals on soil and water erosion of high-intensity management Eucalyptus grandis × urophylla plantation.
作者信息
Zhang Lin, Wu Qinzhan, Huang Kangting, Chen Xiaolong, Liu Sen, Liu Shengyuan, Chen Lijun, Wu Lichao
机构信息
Central South University of Forestry and Technology, 1) Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Desertification Combating of Hunan Province, 2) Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410004, China.
State-owned Daguishan Forest Farm, Hezhou, 542800, China.
出版信息
Heliyon. 2024 May 1;10(9):e30550. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30550. eCollection 2024 May 15.
BACKGROUND
The slash disposal-burning forest-in high-intensity management Eucalyptus grandis × urophylla plantation has accelerated soil degradation.
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Slash disposals is a contributing factor, but its specific role in the correlation between rainfall-runoff and soil erosion remains elusive.
OBJECTIVES
his study investigated the characteristics of rainfall-runoff and soil erosion resistance in different methods of slash disposals in plantation.
METHODS
Three methods of slash disposal, namely burning forest (BF), moving away (MA), and spreading evenly (SE), were established. A field simulation experiment of rainfall was conducted, and path analysis was used.
RESULTS
The findings revealed that the water holding, infiltrating properties and the time the rainfall-runoff generated of SE were increased by approximately 10∼20 %, 100 %, and 80 %, respectively, compared with BF and MA. Water loss, soil loss and nutrient loss were significantly reduced by 62.23 % and 61.56 %, 69.06 % and 49.55 %, and 58.8 % and 65.42 % in SE and BF compared to MA. Path analysis suggested that different from BF and MA, the correlation between soil water properties and rainfall-runoff factors in SE was weakened, simultaneously considering the result that SE had the lower proportions of silt for sediment component (75.31 %), it stabilized the soil structure.
CONCLUSIONS AND PROSPECT
Consequently, SE mitigated the erosion force by reducing rainfall-runoff and enhancing the anti-erosion of soil through improved water properties, making it a viable slash disposal. This work provides a detailed description of the soil erosion characteristics of plantation, including water, soil, and nutrient losses caused by rainfall-runoff, as well as the soil anti-erosion due to different slash disposals. These findings offer valuable insights for the management of high-intensity Eucalyptus grandis × urophylla plantations.
背景
在高强度经营的巨桉×尾叶桉人工林中，采伐剩余物处理 - 火烧林地的方式加速了土壤退化。
问题陈述
采伐剩余物处理是一个影响因素，但其在降雨 - 径流与土壤侵蚀相关性中的具体作用仍不明确。
目的
本研究调查了人工林中不同采伐剩余物处理方式下的降雨 - 径流特征及土壤抗侵蚀性。
方法
设置了三种采伐剩余物处理方式，即火烧林地（BF）、移走（MA）和均匀铺撒（SE）。进行了降雨的田间模拟实验，并采用路径分析方法。
结果
研究结果表明，与BF和MA相比，SE的持水、渗透性能以及降雨 - 径流产生时间分别提高了约10% - 20%、100%和80%。与MA相比，SE和BF的水分流失、土壤流失和养分流失分别显著降低了62.23%和61.56%、69.06%和49.55%、58.8%和65.42%。路径分析表明，与BF和MA不同，SE中土壤水分性质与降雨 - 径流因素之间的相关性减弱，同时考虑到SE中沉积物成分的粉砂比例较低（75.31%），其稳定了土壤结构。
结论与展望
因此，SE通过减少降雨 - 径流并通过改善水分性质增强土壤抗侵蚀能力，减轻了侵蚀力，使其成为一种可行的采伐剩余物处理方式。本研究详细描述了人工林的土壤侵蚀特征，包括降雨 - 径流引起的水分、土壤和养分流失，以及不同采伐剩余物处理方式下的土壤抗侵蚀情况。这些研究结果为高强度巨桉×尾叶桉人工林的经营管理提供了有价值的见解。
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