Jyothi M Vijaya, Vl Ashoka Babu, Wagh Vijay D, Rasheed Azhar, Dayaramani Richa, Panigrahy Uttam Prasad, Wal Pranay, Gunjal Sachinkumar Dnyaneshwar
Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research K. R. Palli cross, Chiyyedu post Anantapur District Andhra Pradesh, India.
Department of Pharmacy, M S Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences Bangalore Karnataka, India.
Curr Drug Saf. 2025;20(2):94-119. doi: 10.2174/0115748863289321240424063819.
The concomitant use of herbal remedies in conjunction with conventional cardiac medications has increased significantly in recent years, primarily due to improvements in the quality standards of herbal medicines and the pervasive belief that natural products pose no harm to the human body. Contrary to this belief, multiple phytoconstituents found in herbal products have the potential to interact with conventional cardiac drugs, potentially resulting in severe adverse effects.
This review aimed to elucidate the intricacies of these interactions highlighting herbal medications that interact with established pharmaceuticals used for the treatment of cardiovascular disorders. Moreover, the review draws attention to safety concerns and preventative steps that should be taken by patients and medical professionals. This endeavor is vital to avert adverse events stemming from such interactions.
Our approach entailed a comprehensive literature review employing keywords such as "mechanisms of herb-drug interactions," "herbal medications," and "cardiovascular disorders". The drugs presented in this review were selected based on their popularity among the general population, frequency of their employability, and potential to manifest drug interactions. We sourced pertinent information from reputable databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Elsevier.
Heart or blood vessel disorders are referred to as cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), which include conditions such as heart failure, stroke, hypertensive heart disease, and peripheral arterial disease. The primary underlying factor for the development of CVDs is dyslipidemia, which can be treated with classical antihyperlipidemic drugs such as statins, ezetimibe, and PCSK9-inhibitors. The use of herbal remedies is often unregulated, and there is a lack of scientific evidence supporting their use, particularly in the management of heart failure. Patients may not disclose their use of herbal remedies to health care practitioners, which can result in potential harm.
Uncontrolled dyslipidemia leads to hypercholesterolemia, which can result in atherosclerotic plaques and blocked arteries and veins. Herbal remedies and botanical products are also used to prevent or treat illnesses, and many prescription pharmaceuticals are made from plant compounds. Herbal remedies are often preferred because of the belief that they are safe and have no potential to cause harm. However, there is insufficient scientific data to support the use of herbal remedies, especially when treating heart disease. Using herbal remedies in conjunction with medicinal pharmaceuticals may result in unfavorable effects.
近年来，草药疗法与传统心脏药物联合使用的情况显著增加，这主要归因于草药质量标准的提高以及人们普遍认为天然产品对人体无害。然而，与这种观念相反，草药产品中发现的多种植物成分有可能与传统心脏药物相互作用，从而可能导致严重的不良反应。
本综述旨在阐明这些相互作用的复杂性，重点介绍与用于治疗心血管疾病的已确立药物相互作用的草药。此外，该综述还提请关注患者和医疗专业人员应注意的安全问题及预防措施。这一努力对于避免此类相互作用引发的不良事件至关重要。
我们的方法包括全面的文献综述，使用了“草药 - 药物相互作用机制”“草药疗法”和“心血管疾病”等关键词。本综述中介绍的药物是根据其在普通人群中的受欢迎程度、使用频率以及发生药物相互作用的可能性来选择的。我们从包括PubMed、Scopus和爱思唯尔在内的知名数据库中获取相关信息。
心脏或血管疾病被称为心血管疾病（CVDs），包括心力衰竭、中风、高血压性心脏病和外周动脉疾病等病症。心血管疾病发展的主要潜在因素是血脂异常，可使用他汀类药物、依折麦布和PCSK9抑制剂等经典抗高血脂药物进行治疗。草药疗法的使用往往缺乏规范，并且缺乏支持其使用的科学证据，尤其是在心力衰竭的管理方面。患者可能不会向医护人员透露他们使用草药疗法的情况，这可能会导致潜在危害。
不受控制的血脂异常会导致高胆固醇血症，进而可能导致动脉粥样硬化斑块以及动脉和静脉阻塞。草药疗法和植物产品也用于预防或治疗疾病，许多处方药是由植物化合物制成的。由于人们认为草药疗法安全且无潜在危害，所以常常更受青睐。然而，目前尚无足够的科学数据支持使用草药疗法，尤其是在治疗心脏病时。将草药疗法与药物联合使用可能会产生不良影响。
