Arctic Ecology and Biogeochemistry Division, National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Vasco-da-Gama, Goa 403804, India; Biological Oceanography Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403004, India.
Biological Oceanography Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403004, India.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2024 Jun;269(Pt 2):132225. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132225. Epub 2024 May 9.
The macroalgae are a sustainable bioresource that can be harnessed for their functional food and nutraceutical applications. This study characterized the biochemical composition and bioactive potential of natural biological macromolecules, such as macroalgal polysaccharides extracted using a green, aqueous extraction process. The in-vitro antioxidant and antiglycemic activity of these polysaccharides were evaluated using model, free radical and antiglycemic compounds. The prebiotic potential of macroalgal polysaccharides were analysed based on their ability to promote the growth of two potential probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus acidophilus and L. bulgaricus and suppress the growth of enteric bacteria, Escherichia coli. Among the polysaccharides studied, the brown algal polysaccharide MPS8 MPS9 and MPS10 exhibited good antioxidant, antiglycemic and prebiotic activity. Based on infrared spectroscopy, the functional groups sulfation and carboxylation were identified in potential polysaccharides. The monosaccharide composition in the bioactive polysaccharides was determined using High Performance Anion Exchange Chromatography Pulse Amperometric detector (HPAEC-PAD). These bioactive polysaccharides were fractionated using ion exchange chromatography to purify it and further characterized using gel permeation chromatography and NMR spectroscopy. The results these polysaccharides are mainly composed of fucose and glucose which is due to the fucoidan and laminarin, respectively. Such macromolecules with high dietary fiber content and bioactivity are in global demand as functional food, nutraceutical and pharmaceutical formulations.
海藻是一种可持续的生物资源，可以利用其功能性食品和营养保健品应用。本研究对天然生物大分子的生化成分和生物活性潜力进行了表征，例如使用绿色水提取工艺提取的海藻多糖。使用模型、自由基和抗糖尿病化合物评估了这些多糖的体外抗氧化和抗糖尿病活性。根据促进两种潜在益生菌嗜酸乳杆菌和保加利亚乳杆菌生长和抑制肠道细菌大肠杆菌生长的能力，分析了海藻多糖的益生元潜力。在所研究的多糖中，褐藻多糖 MPS8、MPS9 和 MPS10 表现出良好的抗氧化、抗糖尿病和益生元活性。基于红外光谱，确定了潜在多糖中的硫酸化和羧基化功能基团。使用高效阴离子交换色谱脉冲安培检测器（HPAEC-PAD）确定生物活性多糖中的单糖组成。使用离子交换色谱对这些生物活性多糖进行了分级纯化，并进一步使用凝胶渗透色谱和 NMR 光谱进行了表征。结果表明，这些多糖主要由岩藻糖和葡萄糖组成，分别是由于褐藻糖胶和昆布多糖。作为功能性食品、营养保健品和药物制剂，具有高膳食纤维含量和生物活性的此类大分子在全球范围内都有需求。
