Lemoine Clément, Rodrigues Maria João, Dauvergne Xavier, Cérantola Stéphane, Custódio Luísa, Magné Christian
Laboratoire Géoarchitecture_Territoires, Urbanisation, Biodiversité, Environnement, Université de Brest, CS 93837, F 29238 Brest, Cedex 3, France.
Centre of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Algarve, Ed. 7, Campus of Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.
Foods. 2024 Apr 23;13(9):1294. doi: 10.3390/foods13091294.
Although the biochemical composition and biological properties of the volatile fraction of the halophyte sea fennel ( L.) have been largely described, little is known about its polar constituents and bioactivities. Here, a hydromethanolic extract of (L.) leaves was fractionated, and the fractions were evaluated in vitro for antioxidant (using DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP bioassays), anti-inflammatory (inhibition of NO production in RAW 264.7 macrophages), antidiabetic (alpha-glucosidase inhibition), neuroprotective (inhibition of acetylcholinesterase), and skin-protective (tyrosinase and melanogenesis inhibitions) activities. Polar fractions of the extract were rich in phenolics and, correlatively, displayed a strong antioxidant power. Moreover, fractions eluted with MeOH and MeOH exhibited a marked inhibition of alpha-glucosidase (IC = 0.02 and 0.04 mg/mL, respectively), MeOH fractions showed a strong capacity to reduce NO production in macrophages (IC = 6.4 μg/mL), and MeOH and MeOH fractions had strong anti-tyrosinase activities (630 mgKAE/gDW). NMR analyses revealed the predominance of chlorogenic acid in MeOH fractions, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid in MeOH fractions, and 3--rutinoside, 3--glucoside, 3--galactoside, and 3--robinobioside derivatives of quercetin in MeOH fractions. These compounds likely account for the strong antidiabetic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties of sea-fennel polar extract, respectively. Overall, our results make sea fennel a valuable source of medicinal or nutraceutical agents to prevent diabetes, inflammation processes, and oxidative damage.
尽管盐生植物海茴香（Crithmum maritimum L.）挥发成分的生化组成和生物学特性已得到大量描述，但其极性成分和生物活性却鲜为人知。在此，对海茴香（Crithmum maritimum L.）叶片的水甲醇提取物进行了分级分离，并在体外评估了这些级分的抗氧化活性（使用DPPH、ABTS和FRAP生物测定法）、抗炎活性（抑制RAW 264.7巨噬细胞中NO的产生）、抗糖尿病活性（α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制）、神经保护活性（抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶）和皮肤保护活性（抑制酪氨酸酶和黑色素生成）。提取物的极性级分富含酚类物质，相应地表现出强大的抗氧化能力。此外，用甲醇和甲醇洗脱的级分对α-葡萄糖苷酶有显著抑制作用（IC50分别为0.02和0.04 mg/mL），甲醇级分显示出强大的降低巨噬细胞中NO产生的能力（IC50 = 6.4 μg/mL），甲醇和甲醇级分具有强大的抗酪氨酸酶活性（630 mgKAE/gDW）。核磁共振分析表明，甲醇级分中绿原酸占主导，甲醇级分中3,5-二咖啡酰奎尼酸占主导，甲醇级分中槲皮素的3 - 芸香糖苷、3 - 葡萄糖苷、3 - 半乳糖苷和3 - 刺槐二糖苷衍生物占主导。这些化合物可能分别是海茴香极性提取物强大的抗糖尿病、抗氧化和抗炎特性的原因。总体而言，我们的研究结果使海茴香成为预防糖尿病、炎症过程和氧化损伤的药用或营养保健剂的宝贵来源。
