Dry Eye and Some Related Factors in Patients with Type 2 Diabetic Nephropathy: A Cross-Sectional Study in Vietnam.

AIM

To determine the prevalence of dry eye (DE) and some related factors in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy (T2DN).

METHODS

We performed a cross-sectional study on 338 people, who were divided into 2 groups: 169 T2DN patients and 169 patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) without renal complications as a control group. The Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) and test fluorescein tear-film break-up time (TBUT) were done in all 338 subjects. Patients with OSDI scores < 13 and TBUT values equal to or under 10 seconds were diagnosed with dry eye.

RESULTS

The prevalence of DE in T2DN patients was significantly higher than T2DM group (55.6% versus 37.3%). The T2DN groups with dry eye had a median duration of DM, the proportion of hypertension, peripheral nerve complications, anemia, proportion of using insulin, and concentration of plasma glucose, HbA1C, urea, creatinine, CRP-hs significantly higher than those of T2DN without dry eye. Advanced age, high HbA1C level, and decreased eGFR were independent factors associated with dry eye in T2DN patients.

CONCLUSION

Dry eye was a common condition associated with advanced age, high HbA1C levels, and decreased GFR in T2DN patients.