Bahamondes Lorca Veronica A, Ávalos-Ovando Oscar, Sikeler Christoph, Ijäs Heini, Santiago Eva Yazmin, Skelton Eli, Wang Yong, Yang Ruiqi, Cimatu Katherine Leslee Asetre, Baturina Olga, Wang Zhewei, Liu Jundong, Slocik Joseph M, Wu Shiyong, Ma Dongling, Pastukhov Andrei, Kabashin Andrei V, Kordesch Martin E, Govorov Alexander O
Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States.
Departamento de Tecnología Médica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile.
Nano Lett. 2024 May 22;24(20):6069-6077. doi: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c01022. Epub 2024 May 13.
Nanoparticles (NPs) can be conjugated with diverse biomolecules and employed in biosensing to detect target analytes in biological samples. This proven concept was primarily used during the COVID-19 pandemic with gold-NP-based lateral flow assays (LFAs). Considering the gold price and its worldwide depletion, here we show that novel plasmonic NPs based on inexpensive metals, titanium nitride (TiN) and copper covered with a gold shell (Cu@Au), perform comparable to or even better than gold nanoparticles. After conjugation, these novel nanoparticles provided high figures of merit for LFA testing, such as high signals and specificity and robust naked-eye signal recognition. Since the main cost of Au NPs in commercial testing kits is the colloidal synthesis, our development with the Cu@Au and the laser-ablation-fabricated TiN NPs is exciting, offering potentially inexpensive plasmonic nanomaterials for various bioapplications. Moreover, our machine learning study showed that biodetection with TiN is more accurate than that with Au.
纳米颗粒（NPs）可以与多种生物分子结合，并用于生物传感，以检测生物样品中的目标分析物。这一经过验证的概念在新冠疫情期间主要用于基于金纳米颗粒的侧向流动分析（LFA）。考虑到黄金价格及其全球储量，我们在此表明，基于廉价金属氮化钛（TiN）和包覆金壳的铜（Cu@Au）的新型等离子体纳米颗粒，其性能与金纳米颗粒相当，甚至优于金纳米颗粒。共轭后，这些新型纳米颗粒为LFA测试提供了高优值，如高信号、高特异性和强大的肉眼信号识别能力。由于商业检测试剂盒中Au NPs的主要成本是胶体合成，我们对Cu@Au和激光烧蚀制备的TiN NPs的开发令人兴奋，为各种生物应用提供了潜在的廉价等离子体纳米材料。此外，我们的机器学习研究表明，TiN生物检测比Au生物检测更准确。
