Sharma Nikhil, Mallela Arka N, Khan Talha, Canton Stephen Paul, Kass Nicolas Matheo, Steuer Fritz, Jardini Jacquelyn, Biehl Jacob, Andrews Edward G
School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, United States.
Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, United States.
Surg Neurol Int. 2024 Apr 26;15:146. doi: 10.25259/SNI_167_2024. eCollection 2024.
Augmented reality (AR) applications in neurosurgery have expanded over the past decade with the introduction of headset-based platforms. Many studies have focused on either preoperative planning to tailor the approach to the patient's anatomy and pathology or intraoperative surgical navigation, primarily realized as AR navigation through microscope oculars. Additional efforts have been made to validate AR in trainee and patient education and to investigate novel surgical approaches. Our objective was to provide a systematic overview of AR in neurosurgery, provide current limitations of this technology, as well as highlight several applications of AR in neurosurgery.
We performed a literature search in PubMed/Medline to identify papers that addressed the use of AR in neurosurgery. The authors screened three hundred and seventy-five papers, and 57 papers were selected, analyzed, and included in this systematic review.
AR has made significant inroads in neurosurgery, particularly in neuronavigation. In spinal neurosurgery, this primarily has been used for pedicle screw placement. AR-based neuronavigation also has significant applications in cranial neurosurgery, including neurovascular, neurosurgical oncology, and skull base neurosurgery. Other potential applications include operating room streamlining, trainee and patient education, and telecommunications.
AR has already made a significant impact in neurosurgery in the above domains and has the potential to be a paradigm-altering technology. Future development in AR should focus on both validating these applications and extending the role of AR.
在过去十年中，随着基于头戴设备的平台的引入，神经外科领域的增强现实（AR）应用得到了扩展。许多研究要么聚焦于术前规划，以根据患者的解剖结构和病理情况定制手术入路，要么聚焦于术中手术导航，主要通过显微镜目镜实现AR导航。在培训学员和患者教育方面对AR进行验证以及研究新型手术方法也付出了额外努力。我们的目的是对神经外科领域的AR进行系统综述，阐述该技术当前的局限性，并突出AR在神经外科的几种应用。
我们在PubMed/Medline中进行文献检索，以识别论述AR在神经外科应用的论文。作者筛选了375篇论文，57篇论文被选中、分析并纳入本系统综述。
AR在神经外科领域取得了重大进展，尤其是在神经导航方面。在脊柱神经外科，这主要用于椎弓根螺钉置入。基于AR的神经导航在颅脑神经外科也有重要应用，包括神经血管、神经外科肿瘤学和颅底神经外科。其他潜在应用包括手术室流程优化、培训学员和患者教育以及远程医疗。
AR已经在上述领域对神经外科产生了重大影响，并且有可能成为改变范式的技术。AR的未来发展应侧重于验证这些应用并扩展AR的作用。
