Department of Life Sciences, University of Calicut, Malappuram, Kerala, 673635, India.
School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala, 686560, India.
Photochem Photobiol Sci. 2024 May;23(5):1011-1029. doi: 10.1007/s43630-024-00571-0. Epub 2024 May 16.
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) stands out as a noteworthy development as an alternative targeted treatment against skin ailments. While PDT has advanced significantly, research into photo-activatable "Green drugs" derived from plants which are less toxic than the synthetic drugs has not kept pace. This study investigates the potential of Fagopyrin F Containing Fraction (FCF) derived from Fagopyrum tataricum in mediating PDT against Staphylococcus aureus and skin cancer cells (A431). FCF was isolated from the plant extract using thin-layer chromatography, followed by identification of the compound through high-performance liquid chromatography and high-resolution liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. FCF was tested to determine its antibacterial and anticancer efficacy. Results revealed that FCF-mediated PDT exhibited potent action against S. aureus, significantly reducing bacterial viability (MIC 19.5 μg/100 μL). Moreover, FCF-mediated PDT showed good efficacy against A431 cells, resulting in a notable reduction in cell viability (IC 29.08 μg/mL). Given the known association between S. aureus and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), FCF shows the potential to effectively target and eradicate both SCC and the related S. aureus present within the lesions. In silico study reveals that Fagopyrin F effectively binds with the epidermal growth factor (EGFR), one among the highly expressed proteins in the A431 cells, with a binding energy of - 9.6 kcal/mol. The affinity of Fagopyrin F for EGFR on A431 cancer cells along with its cytotoxicity against skin cancer cells while safeguarding the normal cells (L929) plays a major part in the way it targets cancer cells. However, its safety, efficacy, and long-term advantages in treating skin conditions require more investigation, including in vivo investigations and clinical trials.
光动力疗法（PDT）作为一种替代的靶向皮肤疾病治疗方法，是一项引人注目的进展。虽然 PDT 已经取得了显著的进展，但对来自植物的光激活“绿色药物”的研究进展却没有跟上，这些药物的毒性比合成药物要低。本研究调查了来源于荞麦（Fagopyrum tataricum）的荞麦酚 F 含分（FCF）在介导 PDT 对抗金黄色葡萄球菌和皮肤癌细胞（A431）中的潜力。FCF 是通过薄层层析从植物提取物中分离出来的，然后通过高效液相色谱和高分辨率液相色谱-质谱对化合物进行鉴定。对 FCF 进行了测试，以确定其抗菌和抗癌功效。结果表明，FCF 介导的 PDT 对金黄色葡萄球菌表现出强大的作用，显著降低了细菌的活力（MIC 为 19.5 μg/100 μL）。此外，FCF 介导的 PDT 对 A431 细胞表现出良好的疗效，导致细胞活力明显降低（IC 为 29.08 μg/mL）。鉴于金黄色葡萄球菌与鳞状细胞癌（SCC）之间的已知关联，FCF 显示出有效靶向和根除 SCC 以及病变中相关金黄色葡萄球菌的潜力。计算机模拟研究表明，荞麦酚 F 能有效地与表皮生长因子（EGFR）结合，EGFR 是 A431 细胞中高度表达的蛋白之一，结合能为-9.6 kcal/mol。荞麦酚 F 对 A431 癌细胞中 EGFR 的亲和力及其对皮肤癌细胞的细胞毒性，同时保护正常细胞（L929），在其靶向癌细胞的方式中起着重要作用。然而，它在治疗皮肤疾病方面的安全性、疗效和长期优势需要更多的研究，包括体内研究和临床试验。
