Bakhshi Hamed, Shariati Mohammad Javad, Basirinezhad Mohammad Hasan, Ebrahimi Hossein
Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
BMC Nurs. 2024 May 16;23(1):328. doi: 10.1186/s12912-024-01947-4.
Communication is a basic need of humans. Identifying factors that prevent effective nurse-patient communication allows for the better implementation of necessary measures to modify barriers. This study aims to compare the barriers to effective nurse-patient communication from the perspectives of nurses and patients in COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 wards.
This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in 2022. The participants included 200 nurses (by stratified sampling method) and 200 patients (by systematic random sampling) referred to two conveniently selected hospitals in Shahroud, Iran. The inclusion criteria for nurses were considered having at least a bachelor's degree and a minimum literacy level for patients to complete the questionnaires. Data were collected by the demographic information form and questionnaire with 30 and 15 questions for nurses and patients, which contained similar questions to those for nurses, based on a 5-point Likert scale. Data were analysis using descriptive indices and inferential statistics (Linear regression) in SPSS software version 18.
The high workload of nursing, excessive expectations of patients, and the difficulty of nursing work were identified by nurses as the main communication barriers. From the patients' viewpoints, the aggressiveness of nurses, the lack of facilities (welfare treatment), and the unsanitary conditions of their rooms were the main communication barriers. The regression model revealed that the mean score of barriers to communication among nurses would decrease to 0.48 for each unit of age increase. Additionally, the patient's residence explained 2.3% of the nurses' barriers to communication, meaning that native participants obtained a mean score of 2.83 units less than non-native nurses, and there was no statistically significant difference between the COVID and non-COVID wards.
In this study, the domain of job characteristics was identified by nurses as the major barrier, and patients emphasized factors that were in the domain of individual/social factors. There is a pressing need to pay attention to these barriers to eliminate them through necessary measures by nursing administrators.
沟通是人类的基本需求。识别阻碍护士与患者有效沟通的因素有助于更好地实施必要措施以消除障碍。本研究旨在比较新冠疫情病房和非新冠疫情病房中护士和患者视角下有效护患沟通的障碍。
本横断面描述性研究于2022年进行。参与者包括200名护士（采用分层抽样法）和200名患者（采用系统随机抽样法），他们来自伊朗沙赫鲁德两所方便选取的医院。护士的纳入标准是至少拥有学士学位，患者的纳入标准是具备完成问卷的最低识字水平。通过人口统计学信息表和问卷收集数据，护士问卷有30个问题，患者问卷有15个问题，这些问题基于5分李克特量表，包含与护士问卷类似的问题。数据在SPSS 18.0软件中使用描述性指标和推断性统计（线性回归）进行分析。
护士认为护理工作负荷大、患者期望过高以及护理工作难度大是主要沟通障碍。从患者角度看，护士的攻击性、设施不足（福利待遇）以及病房卫生条件差是主要沟通障碍。回归模型显示，护士沟通障碍平均得分每增加一岁将降低0.48分。此外，患者的居住地解释了护士沟通障碍的2.3%，这意味着本地参与者的平均得分比非本地护士低2.83分，且新冠病房和非新冠病房之间无统计学显著差异。
在本研究中，护士将工作特征领域确定为主要障碍，而患者强调的是个人/社会因素领域的因素。迫切需要关注这些障碍，以便护理管理人员通过必要措施消除它们。
