Anoosheh M, Zarkhah S, Faghihzadeh S, Vaismoradi M
Nursing Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Nasr Bridge, Tehran, Iran.
Int Nurs Rev. 2009 Jun;56(2):243-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1466-7657.2008.00697.x.
Providing effective communication with patients is an essential aspect of nursing care. Understanding the barriers that inhibit nurse-patient communication can provide an opportunity to eliminate them.
To investigate nurse-patient and environment-related communication barriers perceived by patients and nurses in Iranian nursing.
A descriptive survey was carried out in three randomly selected educational hospitals in a large urban city in Iran. Data were collected by questionnaire; the study sample consisted of 61 patients and 75 nurses. Participants were asked to rate the importance of each communication barriers item. Finally, data were analysed using descriptive statistics, and to compare the perceived importance of communication barriers between patients and nurses, item means were calculated and the t-test for independent samples was applied.
Similarities and differences between the two groups were identified. According to nurses' views, 'heavy nursing workload', 'hard nursing tasks' and 'lack of welfare facilities for nurses' were the main communication barriers. From patients' views, 'unfamiliarity of nurses with dialect', 'having contagious diseases' and 'sex differences between nurses and patients' were determined as the main communication barriers. The shared communication barriers were 'age difference', 'social class difference' and 'having contagious diseases'.
It can be concluded that nursing managers and healthcare system planners should focus on eliminating or modifying the barriers stated by the two groups, particularly the shared ones. It is suggested that understanding the cultural aspects of nurse-patient communication barriers in various contexts can help nurses.
The study relied on self-report by a limited sample of nurses and patients. The responses should now be tested by a larger sample and then by empirical research into actual practice in order to test whether the nurses' and patients' perceived ideas of communication barriers are substantiated.
与患者进行有效沟通是护理工作的重要方面。了解阻碍护患沟通的障碍可为消除这些障碍提供契机。
调查伊朗护理中患者和护士所感知的与护患及环境相关的沟通障碍。
在伊朗一个大城市随机选取的三家教学医院开展描述性调查。通过问卷调查收集数据；研究样本包括61名患者和75名护士。要求参与者对每个沟通障碍项目的重要性进行评分。最后，使用描述性统计分析数据，为比较患者和护士之间所感知的沟通障碍的重要性，计算项目均值并应用独立样本t检验。
确定了两组之间的异同。根据护士的观点，“护理工作量大”“护理任务艰巨”和“护士福利设施匮乏”是主要的沟通障碍。从患者的观点来看，“护士对方言不熟悉”“患有传染病”和“护士与患者之间的性别差异”被确定为主要沟通障碍。共同的沟通障碍是“年龄差异”“社会阶层差异”和“患有传染病”。
可以得出结论，护理管理者和医疗保健系统规划者应专注于消除或改变两组所指出的障碍，特别是共同的障碍。建议了解不同背景下护患沟通障碍的文化方面对护士会有所帮助。
该研究依赖于护士和患者有限样本的自我报告。现在应通过更大的样本进行测试，然后通过对实际实践的实证研究来测试护士和患者所感知的沟通障碍观念是否得到证实。
