Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Trimbos Institute, The Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Sleep Med. 2024 Jul;119:365-372. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2024.05.017. Epub 2024 May 8.
To examine cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of various types of dietary patterns with self-reported sleep quality and with actigraphy-estimated sleep parameters in the prospective, population-based Rotterdam Study.
For each participant, scores for five different dietary patterns were derived based on food frequency questionnaires; two pre-defined scores developed to estimate adherence to the Dutch dietary guidelines and to the Mediterranean diet; and three data-driven scores indicating a prudent, unhealthy and typical Dutch diet. In 2589 participants (median age 56.9 years; 58 % female), self-rated sleep quality was assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. In 533 participants, actigraphs were worn for an average of 6.8 days (SD: 0.7) to estimate total sleep time, sleep onset latency, wake after sleep onset, and sleep efficiency. Sleep parameters were measured at baseline and 3-6 years later. Multiple linear regression was used to assess cross-sectional and longitudinal associations.
No statistically significant associations between dietary patterns and total sleep time, sleep onset latency, wake after sleep onset, sleep efficiency and subjective sleep quality were observed in cross-sectional or longitudinal analyses. To illustrate, the effect estimate for sleep duration was 2.7 min per night (95 % CI -2.1, 7.5) per 5 point increase in Mediterranean diet score in the cross-sectional analyses. Furthermore, in longitudinal analyses, the effect estimate for sleep duration was -1.0 min per night (95 % CI -5.2, 3.1) per SD increase in the prudent diet.
Our results suggest that dietary patterns are not associated with sleep in this population-based cohort study.
Netherlands National Trial Register and WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP; https://apps.who.int/trialsearch/) shared catalogue number NL6645/NTR6831. Registered November 13th, 2017.
在前瞻性、基于人群的鹿特丹研究中，研究各种饮食模式与自我报告的睡眠质量以及与活动记录仪估计的睡眠参数的横断面和纵向关联。
对于每个参与者，根据食物频率问卷得出了五种不同饮食模式的得分；两种预先确定的得分用于估计对荷兰饮食指南和地中海饮食的依从性；以及三个数据驱动的得分，表明谨慎、不健康和典型的荷兰饮食。在 2589 名参与者（中位年龄 56.9 岁；58%为女性）中，使用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数评估自我报告的睡眠质量。在 533 名参与者中，平均佩戴活动记录仪 6.8 天（SD：0.7）以估计总睡眠时间、入睡潜伏期、睡眠后觉醒和睡眠效率。在基线和 3-6 年后测量睡眠参数。使用多元线性回归评估横断面和纵向关联。
在横断面或纵向分析中，饮食模式与总睡眠时间、入睡潜伏期、睡眠后觉醒、睡眠效率和主观睡眠质量之间没有统计学上显著的关联。例如，在横断面分析中，地中海饮食评分每增加 5 分，睡眠持续时间的效应估计值为每晚 2.7 分钟（95%CI-2.1，7.5）。此外，在纵向分析中，谨慎饮食每增加一个标准差，睡眠持续时间的效应估计值为每晚减少 1.0 分钟（95%CI-5.2，3.1）。
我们的结果表明，在这项基于人群的队列研究中，饮食模式与睡眠无关。
荷兰国家试验注册处和世界卫生组织国际临床试验注册平台（ICTRP；https://apps.who.int/trialsearch/）共享目录号 NL6645/NTR6831。于 2017 年 11 月 13 日注册。
