Grittani Agostino, Kouzounis Konstantinos, Zarry Samantha, Suarez Jose H
Internal Medicine, St. George's University, St. George's, GRD.
Plastic Surgery, St. George's University, St. George's, GRD.
Cureus. 2024 Apr 17;16(4):e58492. doi: 10.7759/cureus.58492. eCollection 2024 Apr.
Calciphylaxis is a unique medical condition characterized by calcification of the medial layer of arterioles and soft tissues in a patient's skin at the level of the dermis and subcutaneous adipose tissue. The rate of progression of calciphylaxis is rapid, starting with a reduction of blood flow that leads to ischemic changes in the skin that can manifest as painful cutaneous erythematous nodules or plaques and later as skin ulceration. The majority of patients affected by calciphylaxis have predisposing comorbidities such as end-stage renal disease with a long history of hemodialysis and electrolyte abnormalities in calcium, phosphate, and parathyroid hormone levels. This report presents the case of a 72-year-old female patient on hemodialysis who developed calciphylaxis. The methods for early prognosis (the methods of early diagnosis), including clinical presentation, risk factors, imaging techniques, and laboratory investigations, are discussed. The presented case is particularly noteworthy given the onset of calciphylaxis within a mere three months of initiating hemodialysis, a timeline significantly shorter than the typically observed period in most patients. (The case detailed in this report outlines the rapid onset of calciphylaxis in a patient who was receiving hemodialysis for only three months.) This patient with early-onset calciphylaxis highlights the unpredictable nature of calciphylaxis and the need for increased clinical vigilance even in the initial stages of hemodialysis.
钙过敏是一种独特的医学病症，其特征是患者皮肤真皮层和皮下脂肪组织水平的小动脉中层和软组织发生钙化。钙过敏的进展速度很快，始于血流减少，导致皮肤出现缺血性变化，表现为疼痛性皮肤红斑结节或斑块，随后发展为皮肤溃疡。大多数受钙过敏影响的患者都有易感合并症，如终末期肾病且有长期血液透析史以及钙、磷和甲状旁腺激素水平的电解质异常。本报告介绍了一名接受血液透析的72岁女性患者发生钙过敏的病例。讨论了早期预后（早期诊断方法），包括临床表现、危险因素、成像技术和实验室检查。鉴于该患者在开始血液透析仅三个月内就发生了钙过敏，这一发病时间明显短于大多数患者通常观察到的时间，所以该病例尤为值得注意。（本报告详细描述的病例概述了一名仅接受三个月血液透析的患者钙过敏的快速发病情况。）这名早发性钙过敏患者凸显了钙过敏的不可预测性以及即使在血液透析初始阶段也需要提高临床警惕性。
