Zhan Guangjian, Liu Nan, Fan Xiaole, Jiang Wansi, Yuan Mengxue, Liu Yunwang, Dong Shishan
College of Veterinary Medicine & Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei Province, China.
Xintai Jianyuan Breeding Poultry Limited Company, Taian, Shandong Province, China.
Front Microbiol. 2024 May 2;15:1373601. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1373601. eCollection 2024.
There are three major categories of waterfowl parvoviruses, namely goose parvovirus (GPV), Muscovy duck parvovirus, and novel goose parvovirus (NGPV). NGPV can infect both Cherry Valley ducks and mule ducks, resulting in short beaks and dwarfism syndrome, and the incidence of short beaks and dwarfism syndrome rises annually, posing a significant threat to the waterfowl breeding and the animal husbandry. Therefore, clarifying the biological characteristics and genetic evolution of NGPV is very important for the prevention and control of NGPV.
Ducks with short beaks and dwarfism syndrome from Shandong and Henan Province were investigated by dissection and the tissue samples were collected for study. The NGPV genome was amplified by PCR, and the genome was analyzed for genetic evolution.
Eight strains of NGPV were isolated, which were designated as HZ0512, HZ0527, HZ0714, HZ0723, HZ0726, HZ0811, HZ0815, and HN0403. The nucleotide homology among these strains ranged from 99.9% to 100%. The eight strains, along with other NGPVs, belong to GPV. The eight strains showed a 92.5%-98.9% nucleotide homology with the classical GPV, while a 96.0%-99.9% homology with NGPV.Therefore, it can be deduced that there have been no major mutations of NGPV in Shandong and Henan provinces in recent years.
This study lays a theoretical foundation for further studying the genetic evolution and pathogenicity of NGPV, thereby facilitating the prevention and control of NGPV.
水禽细小病毒主要有三大类，即鹅细小病毒（GPV）、番鸭细小病毒和新型鹅细小病毒（NGPV）。新型鹅细小病毒可感染樱桃谷鸭和骡鸭，导致短喙和侏儒综合征，且短喙和侏儒综合征的发病率逐年上升，对水禽养殖和畜牧业构成重大威胁。因此，阐明新型鹅细小病毒的生物学特性和遗传进化对于新型鹅细小病毒的防控非常重要。
对来自山东和河南的患有短喙和侏儒综合征的鸭子进行解剖调查，并采集组织样本进行研究。通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）扩增新型鹅细小病毒基因组，并对基因组进行遗传进化分析。
分离出8株新型鹅细小病毒，分别命名为HZ0512、HZ0527、HZ0714、HZ0723、HZ0726、HZ0811、HZ0815和HN0403。这些毒株之间的核苷酸同源性在99.9%至100%之间。这8个毒株与其他新型鹅细小病毒均属于鹅细小病毒。这8个毒株与经典鹅细小病毒的核苷酸同源性为92.5% - 98.9%，而与新型鹅细小病毒的同源性为96.0% - 99.9%。因此，可以推断近年来山东和河南的新型鹅细小病毒没有发生重大变异。
本研究为进一步研究新型鹅细小病毒的遗传进化和致病性奠定了理论基础，从而有助于新型鹅细小病毒的防控。
