Matczuk Anna Karolina, Chmielewska-Władyka Monika, Siedlecka Magdalena, Bednarek Karolina Julia, Wieliczko Alina
Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 31, 51-375 Wroclaw, Poland.
Department of Epizootiology with Clinic of Birds and Exotic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Grunwaldzki 45, 50-366 Wroclaw, Poland.
Animals (Basel). 2020 Dec 15;10(12):2397. doi: 10.3390/ani10122397.
Short beak and dwarfism syndrome (SBDS), which was previously identified only in mule ducks, is now an emerging disease of Pekin ducks in China and Egypt. The disease is caused by the infection of ducks with a genetic variant of goose parvovirus-novel goose parvovirus (nGPV). In 2019, SBDS was observed for the first time in Poland in eight farms of Pekin ducks. Birds in the affected flock were found to show growth retardation and beak atrophy with tongue protrusions. Morbidity ranged between 15% and 40% (in one flock), while the mortality rate was 4-6%. Co-infection with duck circovirus, a known immunosuppressive agent, was observed in 85.7% of ducks. The complete coding regions of four isolates were sequenced and submitted to GenBank. The phylogenetic analysis revealed a close relationship of Polish viral sequences with the Chinese nGPV. Genomic sequence alignments showed 98.57-99.28% identity with the nGPV sequences obtained in China, and 96.42% identity with the classical GPV (cGPV; Derzsy's disease). The rate of amino acid mutations in comparison to cGPV and Chinese nGPV was higher in the Rep protein than in the Vp1 protein. To our knowledge, this is the first report of nGPV infection in Pekin ducks in Poland and Europe. It should be emphasized that monitoring and sequencing of waterfowl parvoviruses is important for tracking the viral genetic changes that enable adaptation to new species of waterbirds.
短喙和侏儒综合征（SBDS），此前仅在骡鸭中被发现，现在是中国和埃及北京鸭中出现的一种疾病。该疾病是由鸭感染鹅细小病毒的一种基因变体——新型鹅细小病毒（nGPV）引起的。2019年，波兰在8个北京鸭养殖场首次观察到SBDS。受影响鸡群中的鸟类出现生长发育迟缓、喙萎缩并伴有舌头突出。发病率在15%至40%之间（在一个鸡群中），而死亡率为4 - 6%。在85.7%的鸭中观察到与已知免疫抑制剂鸭圆环病毒的共同感染。对4个分离株的完整编码区进行了测序并提交到GenBank。系统发育分析显示波兰病毒序列与中国的nGPV关系密切。基因组序列比对显示与在中国获得的nGPV序列有98.57 - 99.28%的同一性，与经典细小病毒（cGPV；德尔泽病）有96.42%的同一性。与cGPV和中国nGPV相比，Rep蛋白中的氨基酸突变率高于Vp1蛋白。据我们所知，这是波兰和欧洲北京鸭中nGPV感染的首次报告。应该强调的是，对水禽细小病毒进行监测和测序对于追踪使病毒能够适应新水鸟物种的基因变化很重要。
