Song Qingqing, Kong Fanying, Liu Bing-Feng, Song Xueting, Ren Hong-Yu
State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
Environ Sci Ecotechnol. 2024 Apr 12;21:100420. doi: 10.1016/j.ese.2024.100420. eCollection 2024 Sep.
Chlorinated organic pollutants constitute a significant category of persistent organic pollutants due to their widespread presence in the environment, which is primarily attributed to the expansion of agricultural and industrial activities. These pollutants are characterized by their persistence, potent toxicity, and capability for long-range dispersion, emphasizing the importance of their eradication to mitigate environmental pollution. While conventional methods for removing chlorinated organic pollutants encompass advanced oxidation, catalytic oxidation, and bioremediation, the utilization of biochar has emerged as a prominent green and efficacious method in recent years. Here we review biochar's role in remediating typical chlorinated organics, including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), triclosan (TCS), trichloroethene (TCE), tetrachloroethylene (PCE), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), and chlorobenzenes (CBs). We focus on the impact of biochar material properties on the adsorption mechanisms of chlorinated organics. This review highlights the use of biochar as a sustainable and eco-friendly method for removing chlorinated organic pollutants, especially when combined with biological or chemical strategies. Biochar facilitates electron transfer efficiency between microorganisms, promoting the growth of dechlorinating bacteria and mitigating the toxicity of chlorinated organics through adsorption. Furthermore, biochar can activate processes such as advanced oxidation or nano zero-valent iron, generating free radicals to decompose chlorinated organic compounds. We observe a broader application of biochar and bioprocesses for treating chlorinated organic pollutants in soil, reducing environmental impacts. Conversely, for water-based pollutants, integrating biochar with chemical methods proved more effective, leading to superior purification results. This review contributes to the theoretical and practical application of biochar for removing environmental chlorinated organic pollutants.
由于氯代有机污染物在环境中广泛存在，它们构成了持久性有机污染物的一个重要类别，这主要归因于农业和工业活动的扩张。这些污染物具有持久性、高毒性以及远距离扩散的能力，这凸显了消除它们以减轻环境污染的重要性。虽然去除氯代有机污染物的传统方法包括高级氧化、催化氧化和生物修复，但近年来生物炭的利用已成为一种突出的绿色且有效的方法。在此，我们综述了生物炭在修复典型氯代有机物方面的作用，包括多氯联苯（PCBs）、三氯生（TCS）、三氯乙烯（TCE）、四氯乙烯（PCE）、有机氯农药（OCPs）和氯苯（CBs）。我们关注生物炭材料特性对氯代有机物吸附机制的影响。本综述强调了生物炭作为一种可持续且环保的方法用于去除氯代有机污染物的用途，特别是与生物或化学策略结合使用时。生物炭促进微生物之间的电子转移效率，促进脱氯细菌的生长，并通过吸附减轻氯代有机物的毒性。此外，生物炭可以激活高级氧化或纳米零价铁等过程，产生自由基以分解氯代有机化合物。我们观察到生物炭和生物过程在处理土壤中氯代有机污染物方面有更广泛的应用，减少了环境影响。相反，对于水基污染物，将生物炭与化学方法结合证明更有效，从而产生更好的净化效果。本综述有助于生物炭在去除环境中氯代有机污染物方面的理论和实际应用。
