Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
Max Felchlin AG, Ibach-Schwyz, Switzerland.
Nat Food. 2024 May;5(5):423-432. doi: 10.1038/s43016-024-00967-2. Epub 2024 May 21.
Chocolate production faces nutritional, environmental and socio-economic challenges present in the conventional cocoa value chain. Here we developed an approach that addresses these challenges by repurposing the often-discarded pectin-rich cocoa pod endocarp and converting it into a gel. This is done using cocoa pulp juice concentrate to replace traditional sugar from sugar beets. Although swelling of fibres, proteins and starches can limit gel incorporation, our proposed chocolate formulation contains up to 20 wt% gel. It also has comparable sweet taste as traditional chocolate while offering improved nutritional value with higher fibre and reduced saturated fatty acid content. A cradle-to-factory life cycle assessment shows that large-scale production of this chocolate could reduce land use and global warming potential compared with average European dark chocolate production. The process also provides opportunities for diversification of farmers' income and technology transfer, offering potential socio-economic benefits for cocoa-producing regions.
巧克力生产面临着传统可可价值链中存在的营养、环境和社会经济挑战。在这里,我们开发了一种方法,通过重新利用经常被丢弃的富含果胶的可可豆荚内果皮,并将其转化为凝胶来解决这些挑战。这是通过使用可可浆果汁浓缩物来替代传统的甜菜糖来实现的。尽管纤维、蛋白质和淀粉的膨胀会限制凝胶的掺入,但我们提出的巧克力配方中含有高达 20wt%的凝胶。它还具有与传统巧克力相当的甜味,同时提供更高的营养价值,纤维含量更高,饱和脂肪酸含量更低。从摇篮到工厂的生命周期评估表明,与欧洲平均黑巧克力生产相比,大规模生产这种巧克力可以减少土地使用和全球变暖潜力。该工艺还为农民收入的多元化和技术转让提供了机会,为可可生产地区带来了潜在的社会经济效益。
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