Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing 163319, PR China.
Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, United States.
Int J Med Sci. 2024 Apr 22;21(6):1129-1143. doi: 10.7150/ijms.94570. eCollection 2024.
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the accumulation of immune cells in the intima of arteries. Experimental and clinical evidence shows that both innate and adaptive immunity orchestrate the progression of atherosclerosis. The heterogeneous nature of immune cells within atherosclerosis lesions is important. Studies utilizing high-dimensional mass spectrometry and single-cell RNA sequencing of leukocytes from atherosclerotic lesions show the diversity and adaptability of these immune cell subtypes. Their migration, compositional changes, phenotypic alterations, and adaptive responses are key features throughout atherosclerosis progression. Understanding how these immune cells and their subtypes affect atherogenesis would help to develop novel therapeutic approaches that control atherosclerosis progression. Precise targeting of specific immune system components involved in atherosclerosis, rather than broad suppression of the immune system with anti-inflammatory agents, can more accurately regulate the progress of atherosclerosis with fewer side effects. In this review, we cover the most recent advances in the field of atherosclerosis to understand the role of various immune cells on its development. We focus on the complex network of immune cells and the interaction between the innate immune system and adaptive immune system.
动脉粥样硬化是一种慢性炎症性疾病，其特征是免疫细胞在内膜中积聚。实验和临床证据表明，固有免疫和适应性免疫共同调控动脉粥样硬化的进展。动脉粥样硬化病变中免疫细胞的异质性很重要。利用高维质谱和动脉粥样硬化病变中白细胞的单细胞 RNA 测序研究表明，这些免疫细胞亚型具有多样性和适应性。它们的迁移、组成变化、表型改变和适应性反应是整个动脉粥样硬化进展过程中的关键特征。了解这些免疫细胞及其亚型如何影响动脉粥样硬化形成，有助于开发控制动脉粥样硬化进展的新治疗方法。精确针对动脉粥样硬化中涉及的特定免疫系统成分，而不是用抗炎剂广泛抑制免疫系统，可以更准确地调节动脉粥样硬化的进展，副作用更少。在这篇综述中，我们介绍了动脉粥样硬化领域的最新进展，以了解各种免疫细胞在其发生发展中的作用。我们重点关注免疫细胞的复杂网络以及固有免疫系统和适应性免疫系统之间的相互作用。
