Hidiroglou M
J Dairy Sci. 1979 Aug;62(8):1195-206. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(79)83400-1.
Various minerals (copper, cobalt, selenium, manganese, iodine, zinc, and iron) can influence reproductive performance of ruminants. Reproductive failure may be induced by deficiencies of single or combined trace elements and by imbalances. This review is focused on maladjustments of trace elements leading to impaired breeding performance. Opinion is diverse as to the existence of various reproductive disturbances from either a severe copper depletion or a marginal dietary copper deficiency. Field experience suggests that administration of cobalt to ruminants on cobalt-deficient diets improves their impaired breeding performance. Selenium infertility in ewes is more prevalent in some areas and in some seasons, but the actual cause of this malady and the continuing role of additional factors are unknown. Manganese is necessary for normal fertility in ruminants, and feeding low-manganese rations depresses conception rates. Lack of iodine impairs thyroid activity and also ovarian function. Reproductive failure in the female and in spermatogenesis are manifestations of zinc deficiency. Despite forages rich in iron, low availability in certain instances could affect adversely ruminant reproduction. Knowledge of biochemical dysfunctions from trace element deficiencies is essential to determine the role which trace elements play in fertility of ruminant animals.
多种矿物质（铜、钴、硒、锰、碘、锌和铁）会影响反刍动物的繁殖性能。单一或多种微量元素缺乏以及失衡都可能导致繁殖失败。本综述聚焦于导致繁殖性能受损的微量元素失调。对于严重铜缺乏或边缘性日粮铜缺乏导致的各种繁殖障碍是否存在，观点不一。实地经验表明，给缺钴日粮的反刍动物补充钴可改善其受损的繁殖性能。母羊硒不育症在某些地区和某些季节更为普遍，但这种疾病的实际病因以及其他因素的持续作用尚不清楚。锰是反刍动物正常生育所必需的，饲喂低锰日粮会降低受孕率。碘缺乏会损害甲状腺活动以及卵巢功能。雌性动物的繁殖失败和精子发生过程中的问题是锌缺乏的表现。尽管饲料中铁含量丰富，但在某些情况下铁的利用率低可能会对反刍动物繁殖产生不利影响。了解微量元素缺乏导致的生化功能障碍对于确定微量元素在反刍动物繁殖力中所起的作用至关重要。
