Kagotani Megumi, Asakura Takashi
Faculty of Health Sciences, Kyorin University, Tokyo, Japan.
Faculty of Education, Tokyo Gakugei University, Tokyo, Japan.
SAGE Open Nurs. 2024 May 22;10:23779608241256510. doi: 10.1177/23779608241256510. eCollection 2024 Jan-Dec.
Mental health is a serious concern among novice school nurses in Japan. Numerous novice school nurses with various health problems experience high stress levels, affecting their mental health. They may be experiencing reality shock, a known risk factor for burnout and turnover, or its factor, the "reality gap."
This study aimed to examine the hypothetical model by which the reality gap affects the mental health of novice school nurses.
This cross-sectional study conducted a self-administered questionnaire survey, and responses were obtained from 102 novice school nurses. A path model was created based on a hypothetical model.
After several revisions on the hypothesis model, a modified path model was generated (CFI = .98, TLI = .93, RMSEA = .06). The path model showed that reality gaps negatively affected work engagement, work engagement positively affected intention to stay, and intention to stay positively affected mental health. Reality gap was also directly negatively associated with mental health. Having various support networks reduced the effects of reality gaps on mental health. Additionally, social support in the workplace boosted work engagement.
Unique from other studies, this study contributed to understanding the effects of reality gaps on mental health. School managers and administrators should establish a support system that enables school nurses to receive various supports from within and outside the school. In addition, novice school nurses should take advantage of networks and support inside and outside school to reduce reality gaps and grow as professionals.
心理健康是日本新手学校护士中一个严重关切的问题。众多有各种健康问题的新手学校护士承受着高压力水平，这影响着他们的心理健康。他们可能正在经历现实冲击，这是职业倦怠和离职的一个已知风险因素，或者是其因素“现实差距”。
本研究旨在检验现实差距影响新手学校护士心理健康的假设模型。
这项横断面研究进行了自填式问卷调查，从102名新手学校护士那里获得了回复。基于一个假设模型创建了一个路径模型。
在对假设模型进行多次修订后，生成了一个修正的路径模型（CFI = 0.98，TLI = 0.93，RMSEA = 0.06）。路径模型表明，现实差距对工作投入有负面影响，工作投入对留任意愿有积极影响，留任意愿对心理健康有积极影响。现实差距也与心理健康直接呈负相关。拥有各种支持网络可减少现实差距对心理健康的影响。此外，工作场所的社会支持能提高工作投入。
与其他研究不同，本研究有助于理解现实差距对心理健康的影响。学校管理人员应建立一个支持系统，使学校护士能够从学校内部和外部获得各种支持。此外，新手学校护士应利用学校内外的网络和支持来减少现实差距并成长为专业人员。
