Wang Manhua, Jeon Myounghoon
Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States.
Int J Hum Comput Interact. 2024;40(10):2433-2452. doi: 10.1080/10447318.2022.2163568. Epub 2023 Jan 8.
While the needs and care for children on the autism spectrum have been widely investigated, the intervention and services available to autistic adults have been overlooked for a long time. This survey paper reviewed 32 articles that described and evaluated assistive technologies that have been developed and evaluated through a complete circle of interactive product design from ideation, prototype, and user evaluation. These assistive technologies aim to improve independence and living quality in autistic adults. We extracted information from the perspective of requirement gathering, technology designing, and effectiveness of evaluation in the design cycle. We found a general lack of requirements-driven design, and the evaluation process was not standardized either. The lack of requirement gathering results in designs purely based on existing literature without targeting actual user needs. Our synthesis of included paper contributes to developing iterative design considerations in assistive technologies for autistic adults. We also suggest that assistive technologies for autistic adults shift some attention from assisting only autistic adults who require at least substantial support to embracing also those who have been living independently but rather have difficulties in social interaction. Assistive technologies for them have the potentials to help them consolidate and enhance their experiences in independent living.
虽然针对自闭症谱系儿童的需求和照料已得到广泛研究,但长期以来,为成年自闭症患者提供的干预措施和服务一直被忽视。这篇综述论文回顾了32篇文章,这些文章描述并评估了通过从构思、原型制作到用户评估的完整交互式产品设计循环而开发和评估的辅助技术。这些辅助技术旨在提高成年自闭症患者的独立性和生活质量。我们从设计周期中的需求收集、技术设计和评估有效性的角度提取了信息。我们发现普遍缺乏需求驱动的设计,评估过程也不规范。缺乏需求收集导致设计仅仅基于现有文献,而没有针对实际用户需求。我们对所纳入论文的综合分析有助于为成年自闭症患者的辅助技术开发迭代设计考量。我们还建议,成年自闭症患者的辅助技术应将部分注意力从仅帮助那些至少需要大量支持的成年自闭症患者,转向也接纳那些能够独立生活但在社交互动方面存在困难的患者。针对他们的辅助技术有潜力帮助他们巩固和提升独立生活的体验。