哺乳动物精子细胞浆和顶体的 pH 调节。

Cytosolic and Acrosomal pH Regulation in Mammalian Sperm.

机构信息

Departamento de Genética del Desarrollo y Fisiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología (IBT), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca 62210, Morelos, Mexico.

CITMER, Medicina Reproductiva, México City 11520, Mexico.

出版信息

Cells. 2024 May 17;13(10):865. doi: 10.3390/cells13100865.

Abstract

As in most cells, intracellular pH regulation is fundamental for sperm physiology. Key sperm functions like swimming, maturation, and a unique exocytotic process, the acrosome reaction, necessary for gamete fusion, are deeply influenced by pH. Sperm pH regulation, both intracellularly and within organelles such as the acrosome, requires a coordinated interplay of various transporters and channels, ensuring that this cell is primed for fertilization. Consistent with the pivotal importance of pH regulation in mammalian sperm physiology, several of its unique transporters are dependent on cytosolic pH. Examples include the Ca channel CatSper and the K channel Slo3. The absence of these channels leads to male infertility. This review outlines the main transport elements involved in pH regulation, including cytosolic and acrosomal pH, that participate in these complex functions. We present a glimpse of how these transporters are regulated and how distinct sets of them are orchestrated to allow sperm to fertilize the egg. Much research is needed to begin to envision the complete set of players and the choreography of how cytosolic and organellar pH are regulated in each sperm function.

摘要

在大多数细胞中,细胞内 pH 调节对精子生理至关重要。精子的关键功能,如游泳、成熟和独特的胞吐过程(顶体反应),对于配子融合是必要的,这些功能都受到 pH 的深刻影响。精子的 pH 调节,无论是在细胞内还是在细胞器(如顶体)中,都需要各种转运体和通道的协调相互作用,以确保精子为受精做好准备。与 pH 调节在哺乳动物精子生理中的重要性一致,其一些独特的转运体依赖于细胞质 pH。例如,Ca 通道 CatSper 和 K 通道 Slo3。这些通道的缺失会导致男性不育。本文概述了参与这些复杂功能的 pH 调节的主要转运体,包括细胞质和顶体的 pH。我们初步了解了这些转运体如何被调节,以及不同的转运体如何协调以允许精子使卵子受精。为了开始设想细胞质和细胞器 pH 在每种精子功能中是如何被调节的完整的一组参与者和协调,还需要进行大量的研究。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/dc83/11120249/e1ee9d29a345/cells-13-00865-g001.jpg

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