Degracia Arturo Batista, Ávila Jiménez Julián, Alvarado Anovel Barba, Valdespino Randy Atencio, Altamiranda-Saavedra Mariano
Instituto de Innovación Agropecuaria de Panamá (IDIAP) PA 0739, C. Carlos Lara 157, Ciudad de Panama 0843-03081, Panama.
Centro de Investigaciones Agroecológicas del Pacifico Central (CIAPCP-AIP), Panama Ciudad, Ciudad de Chitre 0601-00062, Panama.
Insects. 2024 May 4;15(5):331. doi: 10.3390/insects15050331.
To compare the environmental space of four species in different ENSO episodes (El Niño, El Neutro and La Niña), we built ecological niche models with NicheA software. We analysed the fundamental niche and the combined establishment risk maps of these species developed with the ArcGisPro combine geoprocess. A comparison of the ellipsoids that represent the fundamental niche existing for the species showed changes in the El Niño, El Neutro and La Niña episodes. For in the El Niño vs. El Neutro episodes, there was a Jaccard index of 0.3841, while the comparison between the La Niña vs. El Neutro episodes presented a Jaccard index of 0.6192. in the El Niño vs. El Neutro and La Niña vs. El Neutro episodes presented Jaccard indices of 0.3281 and 0.6328, respectively. For , the comparison between the El Niño vs. El Neutro and La Niña vs. El Neutro episodes presented Jaccard indices of 0.3518 and 0.7472, respectively. For , comparisons between the episodes of El Niño vs. El Neutro and La Niña vs. El Neutro presented Jaccard indices of 0.3325 and 0.6022, respectively. When studying the comparison between Anastrepha species and the different ENSO climatic episodes, we found that in the El Niño episode, the comparisons with the best environmental similarity were vs. and vs. , with higher Jaccard indices (0.6064 and 0.6316, respectively). In the El Neutro episode, the comparisons with the best environmental similarity were vs. and vs. , which presented higher Jaccard indices (0.4616 and 0.6411, respectively). In the La Niña episode, the comparisons that presented the best environmental similarity were vs. and vs. , with higher Jaccard indices (0.5982 and 0.6228, respectively). Likewise, our results present the risk maps for the establishment of these species throughout the Neotropics, allowing us to predict the level of risk in order to develop integrated pest management plans.
为了比较四种物种在不同厄尔尼诺-南方涛动（ENSO）事件（厄尔尼诺、中性和拉尼娜）中的环境空间，我们使用NicheA软件构建了生态位模型。我们分析了这些物种的基础生态位以及通过ArcGisPro组合地理处理开发的综合定殖风险图。对代表这些物种现有基础生态位的椭圆体进行比较，结果显示在厄尔尼诺、中性和拉尼娜事件中存在变化。在厄尔尼诺与中性事件的比较中，杰卡德指数为0.3841，而拉尼娜与中性事件的比较中，杰卡德指数为0.6192。在厄尔尼诺与中性以及拉尼娜与中性事件的比较中，杰卡德指数分别为0.3281和0.6328。对于[此处原文缺失物种名称]，厄尔尼诺与中性以及拉尼娜与中性事件的比较中，杰卡德指数分别为0.3518和0.7472。对于[此处原文缺失物种名称]，厄尔尼诺与中性以及拉尼娜与中性事件的比较中，杰卡德指数分别为0.3325和0.6022。在研究按实蝇属物种与不同ENSO气候事件的比较时，我们发现，在厄尔尼诺事件中，与环境相似度最佳的比较是[此处原文缺失物种名称]与[此处原文缺失物种名称]以及[此处原文缺失物种名称]与[此处原文缺失物种名称]，杰卡德指数较高（分别为0.6064和0.6316）。在中性事件中，与环境相似度最佳的比较是[此处原文缺失物种名称]与[此处原文缺失物种名称]以及[此处原文缺失物种名称]与[此处原文缺失物种名称]，杰卡德指数较高（分别为0.4616和0.6411）。在拉尼娜事件中，环境相似度最佳的比较是[此处原文缺失物种名称]与[此处原文缺失物种名称]以及[此处原文缺失物种名称]与[此处原文缺失物种名称]，杰卡德指数较高（分别为0.5982和0.6228）。同样，我们的结果展示了这些物种在整个新热带地区定殖的风险图，可以让我们预测风险水平，以便制定综合虫害管理计划。
