Gomes Ricardo, Mendes Rodrigo, Ferreira Amaro, Mendes Rui, Dias Gonçalo, Martins Fernando
Applied Research Unit in Sport Sciences, Coimbra Education School, 3030-329 Coimbra, Portugal.
Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra Education School, 3030-329 Coimbra, Portugal.
Sports (Basel). 2024 May 14;12(5):133. doi: 10.3390/sports12050133.
Referees are crucial elements in football, and they must meet the physical and physiological demands each match poses to them. The aim is to analyse the physical and physiological demands of amateur referees in games at the regional level (4th division), examining the differences between the first and second halves and between assistant (age: 25.10 ± 4.97) and main referees (age: 25.65 ± 5.12). A total of 29 matches were analysed with GPS devices, and internal and external load metrics were analysed. Overall, main referees, due to their central role in game management, showed higher levels of physical and physiological load than assistant referees, with more high-intensity activities, greater distance covered and higher heart rate. The results also revealed that there were no differences between the halves for total distance covered for either the main or assistant referees. However, the main referees covered a greater distance in high-intensity running during the first half ( = 0.05; d = 0.389). These findings emphasise the importance of tailored training protocols to enhance performance and reduce fatigue-related errors, highlighting the significance of endurance, high-intensity running ability, and strategies to manage transient fatigue in referee preparation.
裁判是足球比赛中的关键要素，他们必须满足每场比赛对其提出的身体和生理要求。目的是分析地区级别（第四级别联赛）比赛中业余裁判的身体和生理需求，研究上下半场之间以及助理裁判（年龄：25.10 ± 4.97岁）和主裁判（年龄：25.65 ± 5.12岁）之间的差异。使用GPS设备分析了总共29场比赛，并对内部和外部负荷指标进行了分析。总体而言，主裁判由于在比赛管理中的核心作用，其身体和生理负荷水平高于助理裁判，高强度活动更多，跑动距离更远，心率更高。结果还显示，主裁判和助理裁判全场跑动总距离在上下半场之间没有差异。然而，主裁判在上半场高强度跑动中的距离更远（ = 0.05；d = 0.389）。这些发现强调了制定针对性训练方案以提高表现和减少与疲劳相关错误的重要性，突出了耐力、高强度跑步能力以及在裁判准备中管理短暂疲劳的策略的重要性。
