Colombo Raffaella, Moretto Giulia, Pellicorio Vanessa, Papetti Adele
Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
C.S.G.I., University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
Foods. 2024 May 7;13(10):1427. doi: 10.3390/foods13101427.
Globe artichoke ( var. L.) is widely cultivated in the Mediterranean area and Italy is one of the largest producers. A great issue is represented by its high amount of by-product, mainly consisting of external bracts and stems, but also of residual leaves, stalks, roots, and seeds. Artichoke by-products are rich in nutrients (carbohydrates and proteins) and bioactive compounds (polyphenols and terpenes) and represent potential ingredients for foodstuffs, functional foods, and food supplements, due to their functional and biological properties. In fact, artichoke by-products' components exhibit many beneficial effects, such as dyspeptic, prebiotic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiglycative, antimicrobial, anticarcinogenic, and hypolipidemic properties. Therefore, they can be considered potential food ingredients useful in reducing the risk of developing metabolic and age-related disorders. This work summarizes the economic and environmental impact of the recovery and valorization of artichoke by-products, focusing on rheological, physical, and biological properties of the different components present in each by-product and their different food applications.
球茎甘蓝（变种）在地中海地区广泛种植，意大利是最大的生产国之一。其大量的副产品是一个重大问题，主要包括外部苞片和茎，还有残留的叶子、叶柄、根和种子。菊芋副产品富含营养物质（碳水化合物和蛋白质）和生物活性化合物（多酚和萜类），由于其功能和生物学特性，它们是食品、功能食品和食品补充剂的潜在成分。事实上，菊芋副产品的成分具有许多有益作用，如助消化、益生元、抗氧化、抗炎、抗糖化、抗菌、抗癌和降血脂特性。因此，它们可被视为有助于降低患代谢性疾病和与年龄相关疾病风险的潜在食品成分。这项工作总结了菊芋副产品回收和增值的经济和环境影响，重点关注每种副产品中不同成分的流变学、物理和生物学特性及其不同的食品应用。
