Extrusion of Sodium Hypochlorite in Oval-Shaped Canals: A Comparative Study of the Potential of Four Final Agitation Approaches Employing Agarose-Embedded Mandibular First Premolars.

The aim of this investigation was to assess the apical extrusion potential of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) in agarose-embedded mandibular first premolars employing four final agitation procedures. Based on CBCT confirmation of single oval-shaped canals, one hundred extracted mandibular first premolars were chosen. Using 5.25% NaOCl, the teeth were prepared using the XP Endo Shaper and divided into experimental and control groups. The following were the experimental groups: Group 1 comprised the XP-Endo Finisher, Group 2 the Ultrasonic Activation, Group 3 the Gentle File Finisher Brush, and Group 4 the 27-gauge side-vented needle. To test extrusion, the teeth were placed in a 0.2% agarose gel that contained the pH-sensitive dye m-cresol purple, allowing pixel quantification via ImageJ software (version 1.54i). The XP Endo Finisher featured the most pixels, depicting higher apical extrusion ( < 0.01), followed by the side-vented needle, Gentle File Finisher Brush, and PUI, while the Control Group endured no extrusion. The effective irrigation method for root canal therapy is critical, especially in situations of open apices, resorption, or perforation. According to in vitro experiments, the XP-Endo Finisher has the maximum sodium hypochlorite extrusion, which is determined by parameters such as apical preparation size and irrigation system.