Oishi Tomohiro, Yasui Yuto, Kato Atsushi, Ogita Satoko, Eitoku Takahiro, Enoki Hideo, Nakano Takashi
Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Kawasaki Medical School, 577, Matsushima, Kurashiki 701-0192, Okayama, Japan.
Microorganisms. 2024 May 13;12(5):975. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms12050975.
Cellular immunity is critical for the regulation of viral diseases, including coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and is generally considered immature in childhood. However, the details of cellular immunity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection among children are unclear. We assessed cellular immunity in eight children post-vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 and 11 children after SARS-CoV-2 infection using the T-SPOT.COVID assay for the spike (S) and nucleocapsid (N) proteins. In the vaccinated group, the T-SPOT.COVID assay for the S protein yielded positive results in seven children. In the post-infection group, the assay for the N protein was positive for 5 of 11 children, with 3 of these 5 children requiring hospitalization, including 2 who needed mechanical ventilation. The T-SPOT.COVID assay is thus valuable for assessing cellular immunity against SARS-CoV-2, and most children infected with SARS-CoV-2 may not develop such immunity unless the disease severity is significant.
细胞免疫对于包括2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）在内的病毒性疾病的调节至关重要，并且一般认为在儿童期是不成熟的。然而，儿童针对严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）感染的细胞免疫细节尚不清楚。我们使用针对刺突（S）蛋白和核衣壳（N）蛋白的T-SPOT.COVID检测法，评估了8名接种SARS-CoV-2疫苗后的儿童以及11名感染SARS-CoV-2后的儿童的细胞免疫情况。在接种疫苗组中，针对S蛋白的T-SPOT.COVID检测在7名儿童中得出阳性结果。在感染后组中，针对N蛋白的检测在11名儿童中的5名呈阳性，这5名儿童中有3名需要住院治疗，其中2名需要机械通气。因此，T-SPOT.COVID检测对于评估针对SARS-CoV-2的细胞免疫很有价值，并且大多数感染SARS-CoV-2的儿童可能不会产生这种免疫，除非疾病严重程度较高。
