SARS-CoV-2 抗体和 T 细胞反应在 COVID-19 一年后，以及疫苗加强针的效果：一项前瞻性队列研究。
SARS-CoV-2 antibody and T cell responses one year after COVID-19 and the booster effect of vaccination: A prospective cohort study.
机构信息
Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, Franciscus Gasthuis and Vlietland, Kleiweg 500, Rotterdam 3045 PM, the Netherlands.
Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, Franciscus Gasthuis and Vlietland, Kleiweg 500, Rotterdam 3045 PM, the Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Universiteitsweg 100, Utrecht 3584 GC, the Netherlands.
出版信息
J Infect. 2022 Feb;84(2):171-178. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2021.12.003. Epub 2021 Dec 9.
OBJECTIVES
First, to describe SARS-CoV-2 T cell and antibody responses in a prospective cohort of healthcare workers that suffered from mild to moderate COVID-19 approximately one year ago. Second, to assess COVID-19 vaccine-induced immune responses in these prior-infected individuals.
METHODS
SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell and anti-SARS-CoV-2-Spike-RBD immunoglobulin G (IgG) responses in blood were determined before COVID-19 vaccination with mRNA-1273, BNT162b2, Ad26.CoV2-S or ChAdOx1-S, two weeks after first vaccination, and after second vaccination.
RESULTS
55 prior SARS-CoV-2 infected and seroconverted individuals were included. S1-specific T cell responses and anti-RBD IgG were detectable one year post SARS-CoV-2 infection: 24 spot-forming cells per 10 peripheral blood mononuclear cells (SFCs/10 PBMCs) after S1 stimulation and anti-RBD IgG concentration of 74 (IQR 36-158) IU/mL. Responses after the first and second vaccination were comparable with S1-specfic T cell responses of 198 (IQR 137-359) and 180 (IQR 103-347) SFCs/10 PBMCs, and IgG concentrations of 6792 (IQR 3386-15,180) and 6326 (IQR 2336-13,440) IU/mL, respectively. These responses retained up to four months after vaccination.
CONCLUSIONS
Both T cell and IgG responses against SARS-CoV-2 persist for up to one year after COVID-19. A second COVID-19 vaccination in prior-infected individuals did not further increase immune responses in comparison to one vaccination.
目的
首先，描述大约一年前患有轻度至中度 COVID-19 的医疗保健工作者前瞻性队列中 SARS-CoV-2 T 细胞和抗体反应。其次，评估这些既往感染者中 COVID-19 疫苗诱导的免疫反应。
方法
在接种 mRNA-1273、BNT162b2、Ad26.CoV2-S 或 ChAdOx1-S 疫苗之前、首次接种后两周以及第二次接种后，测定血液中 SARS-CoV-2 特异性 T 细胞和抗 SARS-CoV-2-Spike-RBD 免疫球蛋白 G（IgG）反应。
结果
共纳入 55 例既往 SARS-CoV-2 感染和血清转化个体。S1 特异性 T 细胞反应和抗-RBD IgG 在 SARS-CoV-2 感染一年后可检测到：S1 刺激后每 10 个外周血单个核细胞（PBMC）中有 24 个斑点形成细胞（SFC/10 PBMC），抗-RBD IgG 浓度为 74（IQR 36-158）IU/mL。首次和第二次接种后的反应与 S1 特异性 T 细胞反应相当，分别为 198（IQR 137-359）和 180（IQR 103-347）SFC/10 PBMC，IgG 浓度分别为 6792（IQR 3386-15180）和 6326（IQR 2336-13440）IU/mL。这些反应在接种后最多持续四个月。
结论
COVID-19 后，SARS-CoV-2 的 T 细胞和 IgG 反应均可持续长达一年。与单次接种相比，在既往感染者中进行第二次 COVID-19 接种并未进一步增加免疫反应。
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