Lin Qingjie, Lin Shiying, Fan Zitao, Liu Jing, Ye Dingcheng, Guo Pingting
College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Fuzhou 350002, China.
Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China.
Microorganisms. 2024 May 19;12(5):1026. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms12051026.
A healthy animal intestine hosts a diverse population of bacteria in a symbiotic relationship. These bacteria utilize nutrients in the host's intestinal environment for growth and reproduction. In return, they assist the host in digesting and metabolizing nutrients, fortifying the intestinal barrier, defending against potential pathogens, and maintaining gut health. Bacterial colonization is a crucial aspect of this interaction between bacteria and the intestine and involves the attachment of bacteria to intestinal mucus or epithelial cells through nonspecific or specific interactions. This process primarily relies on adhesins. The binding of bacterial adhesins to host receptors is a prerequisite for the long-term colonization of bacteria and serves as the foundation for the pathogenicity of pathogenic bacteria. Intervening in the adhesion and colonization of bacteria in animal intestines may offer an effective approach to treating gastrointestinal diseases and preventing pathogenic infections. Therefore, this paper reviews the situation and mechanisms of bacterial colonization, the colonization characteristics of various bacteria, and the factors influencing bacterial colonization. The aim of this study was to serve as a reference for further research on bacteria-gut interactions and improving animal gut health.
健康动物的肠道中存在着多种处于共生关系的细菌。这些细菌利用宿主肠道环境中的营养物质进行生长和繁殖。作为回报，它们协助宿主消化和代谢营养物质，强化肠道屏障，抵御潜在病原体，并维持肠道健康。细菌定殖是细菌与肠道之间这种相互作用的关键方面，涉及细菌通过非特异性或特异性相互作用附着于肠道黏液或上皮细胞。这个过程主要依赖于黏附素。细菌黏附素与宿主受体的结合是细菌长期定殖的先决条件，也是病原菌致病性的基础。干预动物肠道中细菌的黏附和定殖可能为治疗胃肠道疾病和预防病原菌感染提供一种有效方法。因此，本文综述了细菌定殖的情况和机制、各种细菌的定殖特征以及影响细菌定殖的因素。本研究的目的是为进一步研究细菌与肠道的相互作用以及改善动物肠道健康提供参考。
