Ristić Mioljub, Medić Snežana, Vuković Vladimir, Rajčević Smiljana, Koprivica Marko, Banjac Jelena, Ljubičić Stefan, Petrović Vladimir
Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
Institute of Public Health of Vojvodina, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
Vaccines (Basel). 2024 May 10;12(5):525. doi: 10.3390/vaccines12050525.
Pertussis continues to be a significant public health concern. We aimed to examine the epidemiological characteristics of pertussis in Vojvodina, which accounts for almost a third of Serbia's population. Our aim was to determine the overall and age-specific incidence and mortality rates of pertussis in Vojvodina from 1948 to 2023, as well as the coverage of immunization against pertussis from 1960 to 2023. In the period 1948-2023, 42,259 cases of pertussis were reported. Following the introduction of the DTwP vaccine (1960) in Serbia, the reported incidence of pertussis began to decline. In 2001, for the first time since introduction of pertussis surveillance in Vojvodina, no pertussis cases were reported. Since 2012, the reported incidence of pertussis has once again increased, and peaked (41.1/100,000) in 2023, approaching the incidence rates recorded shortly after the introduction of DTwP vaccine. A shift in the age profile of pertussis from children aged 0-6 years to school-aged children (7-14 years) occurred between 2012 and 2023, when 48.3% of pertussis cases occurred in this age group. Although the incidence rates of pertussis among individuals aged 20 years and older were significantly lower than among younger age groups, there is evidence of an increasing trend in pertussis cases, particularly among those aged 40-49 years, since 2012. Based on the findings of this study, it is imperative to introduce additional booster doses of the aP vaccine for individuals aged 14 years, along with implementing maternal immunization strategies targeting women of childbearing age.
百日咳仍然是一个重大的公共卫生问题。我们旨在研究伏伊伏丁那（该地区人口占塞尔维亚总人口近三分之一）百日咳的流行病学特征。我们的目的是确定1948年至2023年伏伊伏丁那百日咳的总体发病率和年龄别发病率及死亡率，以及1960年至2023年百日咳疫苗的接种覆盖率。在1948 - 2023年期间，共报告了42259例百日咳病例。塞尔维亚引入白百破疫苗（DTwP，1960年）后，报告的百日咳发病率开始下降。2001年，自伏伊伏丁那开展百日咳监测以来首次未报告百日咳病例。自2012年以来，报告的百日咳发病率再次上升，并在2023年达到峰值（41.1/10万），接近引入白百破疫苗后不久记录的发病率。2012年至2023年期间，百日咳的年龄分布从0 - 6岁儿童转向学龄儿童（7 - 14岁），该年龄组发生了48.3%的百日咳病例。尽管20岁及以上人群的百日咳发病率显著低于较年轻年龄组，但有证据表明自2012年以来百日咳病例呈上升趋势，尤其是在40 - 49岁人群中。基于本研究结果，必须为14岁个体额外接种无细胞百日咳疫苗加强剂，并实施针对育龄妇女的母体免疫策略。
