Bricks Lucia F, Vargas-Zambrano Juan C, Macina Denis
Sanofi Vaccines Medical, Av Nações Unidas, São Paulo 14401, Brazil.
Sanofi Vaccines Medical, 14 Espace Henri Vallee, 69007 Lyon, France.
Vaccines (Basel). 2024 Nov 28;12(12):1346. doi: 10.3390/vaccines12121346.
Pertussis is a highly contagious bacterial disease of the respiratory tract that can be prevented by vaccination. Before the COVID-19 pandemic, the vaccine coverage rate for the third dose of a DPT-containing vaccine was 86%, with large disparities among countries. Since 2022, many high-income countries have reported a resurgence of pertussis, especially in the European region, but the disease has also caused outbreaks in middle- and low-income countries, despite their less extensive disease surveillance capacities. This paper aims to review the incidence rates (IRs) of pertussis in high-, middle-, and low-income countries following the COVID-19 pandemic and to discuss the most relevant factors associated with the resurgence of the disease. The epidemiology of pertussis is highly variable and is influenced not only by the type of vaccine used but also by the specific characteristics of the disease, vaccine coverage rates, vaccination schedules, and the quality of surveillance. Since the cessation of COVID-19 measures, there have been significant pertussis outbreaks that could have been partially mitigated with higher coverage rates and more comprehensive pertussis vaccination throughout life.
百日咳是一种极具传染性的呼吸道细菌性疾病，可通过接种疫苗预防。在新冠疫情之前，含白喉、百日咳、破伤风疫苗（DPT）第三剂的疫苗接种覆盖率为86%，各国之间存在很大差异。自2022年以来，许多高收入国家报告百日咳疫情有所反弹，尤其是在欧洲地区，但尽管中低收入国家的疾病监测能力较弱，该病也在这些国家引发了疫情。本文旨在回顾新冠疫情后高、中、低收入国家的百日咳发病率，并讨论与该病疫情反弹最相关的因素。百日咳的流行病学情况差异很大，不仅受所用疫苗类型影响，还受疾病的具体特征、疫苗接种覆盖率、疫苗接种计划以及监测质量影响。自新冠疫情防控措施结束以来，出现了严重的百日咳疫情，而通过提高覆盖率和在一生中进行更全面的百日咳疫苗接种，这些疫情本可得到部分缓解。
