Al-Bassam Lulwah, Shearman Gemma C, Brocchini Steve, Alany Raid G, Williams Gareth R
UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK.
School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University London, Penrhyn Rd, Kingston upon Thames KT1 2EE, UK.
Pharmaceutics. 2024 May 8;16(5):631. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16050631.
Oxidative stress plays a critical role in the development of chronic ocular conditions including cataracts, age-related macular degeneration, and diabetic retinopathy. There is a need to explore the potential of topical antioxidants to slow the progression of those conditions by mediating oxidative stress and maintaining ocular health. Selenium has attracted considerable attention because it is a component of selenoproteins and antioxidant enzymes. The application of selenium to a patient can increase selenoprotein expression, counteracting the effect of reactive oxygen species by increasing the presence of antioxidant enzymes, and thus slowing the progression of chronic ocular disorders. Oxidative stress effects at the biomolecular level for prevalent ocular conditions are described in this review along with some of the known defensive mechanisms, with a focus on selenoproteins. The importance of selenium in the eye is described, along with a discussion of selenium studies and uses. Selenium's antioxidant and anti-inflammatory qualities may prevent or delay eye diseases. Recent breakthroughs in drug delivery methods and nanotechnology for selenium-based ocular medication delivery are enumerated. Different types of selenium may be employed in formulations aimed at managing ocular oxidative stress conditions.
氧化应激在包括白内障、年龄相关性黄斑变性和糖尿病视网膜病变在内的慢性眼部疾病的发展中起着关键作用。有必要探索局部抗氧化剂通过介导氧化应激和维持眼部健康来减缓这些疾病进展的潜力。硒因其是硒蛋白和抗氧化酶的组成成分而备受关注。将硒应用于患者可增加硒蛋白表达，通过增加抗氧化酶的存在来抵消活性氧的作用，从而减缓慢性眼部疾病的进展。本综述描述了常见眼部疾病在生物分子水平上的氧化应激效应以及一些已知的防御机制，重点是硒蛋白。阐述了硒在眼睛中的重要性，并讨论了硒的研究和用途。硒的抗氧化和抗炎特性可能预防或延缓眼部疾病。列举了基于硒的眼部药物递送的药物递送方法和纳米技术方面的最新突破。不同类型的硒可用于旨在控制眼部氧化应激状况的制剂中。
