Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland.
Small. 2024 Sep;20(38):e2401148. doi: 10.1002/smll.202401148. Epub 2024 May 27.
Electrochemical paper-based microfluidics has attracted much attention due to the promise of transforming point-of-care diagnostics by facilitating quantitative analysis with low-cost and portable analyzers. Such devices harness capillary flow to transport samples and reagents, enabling bioassays to be executed passively. Despite exciting demonstrations of capillary-driven electrochemical tests, conventional methods for fabricating electrodes on paper impede capillary flow, limit fluidic pathways, and constrain accessible device architectures. This account reviews recent developments in paper-based electroanalytical devices and offers perspective by revisiting key milestones in lateral flow tests and paper-based microfluidics engineering. The study highlights the benefits associated with electrochemical sensing and discusses how the detection modality can be leveraged to unlock novel functionalities. Particular focus is given to electrofluidic platforms that embed electrodes into paper for enhanced biosensing applications. Together, these innovations pave the way for diagnostic technologies that offer portability, quantitative analysis, and seamless integration with digital healthcare, all without compromising the simplicity of commercially available rapid diagnostic tests.
电化学纸质微流控技术由于有望通过低成本、便携式分析器实现定量分析，从而改变即时诊断，引起了广泛关注。此类设备利用毛细管流来输送样品和试剂，从而能够被动执行生物测定。尽管毛细管驱动的电化学测试有令人兴奋的演示，但在纸上制造电极的传统方法会阻碍毛细管流动、限制流体通道并限制可访问的设备结构。本文通过回顾侧向流动测试和基于纸张的微流控工程中的关键里程碑，回顾了基于纸张的电分析器件的最新进展，并提供了新的视角。该研究强调了与电化学传感相关的优势，并讨论了如何利用这种检测模式来解锁新的功能。特别关注将电极嵌入纸张以增强生物传感应用的电流体平台。这些创新共同为诊断技术铺平了道路，这些技术提供了便携性、定量分析以及与数字医疗的无缝集成，所有这些都不会影响商业上可用的快速诊断测试的简单性。
