Anesthesia and Intensive Care 1, Santa Chiara Hospital, APSS, Largo Medaglie d'Oro 9, 38112 Trento, Italy.
Centre for Medical Sciences-CISMed, University of Trento, Via S. Maria Maddalena 1, 38122 Trento, Italy.
Med Sci (Basel). 2024 May 15;12(2):26. doi: 10.3390/medsci12020026.
The humidification process of medical gases plays a crucial role in both invasive and non-invasive ventilation, aiming to mitigate the complications arising from bronchial dryness. While passive humidification systems (HME) and active humidification systems are prevalent in routine clinical practice, there is a pressing need for further evaluation of their significance. Additionally, there is often an incomplete understanding of the operational mechanisms of these devices. The current review explores the historical evolution of gas conditioning in clinical practice, from early prototypes to contemporary active and passive humidification systems. It also discusses the physiological principles underlying humidity regulation and provides practical guidance for optimizing humidification parameters in both invasive and non-invasive ventilation modalities. The aim of this review is to elucidate the intricate interplay between temperature, humidity, and patient comfort, emphasizing the importance of individualized approaches to gas conditioning.
医用气体的湿化过程在有创和无创通气中都起着至关重要的作用，旨在减轻支气管干燥引起的并发症。虽然被动湿化系统（HME）和主动湿化系统在常规临床实践中很常见，但仍需要进一步评估它们的重要性。此外，人们通常对这些设备的工作机制了解不完整。本综述探讨了气体调节在临床实践中的历史演变，从早期原型到当代主动和被动湿化系统。它还讨论了湿度调节的生理原理，并为有创和无创通气模式下优化湿化参数提供了实用指导。本综述的目的是阐明温度、湿度和患者舒适度之间错综复杂的相互作用，强调个体化气体调节方法的重要性。
