Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
Immunol Rev. 2024 Aug;325(1):9-22. doi: 10.1111/imr.13356. Epub 2024 May 28.
Stem-like T cells are characterized by their ability to self-renew, survive long-term, and give rise to a heterogeneous pool of effector and memory T cells. Recent advances in single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) and lineage tracing technologies revealed an important role for stem-like T cells in both autoimmunity and cancer. In cancer, stem-like T cells constitute an important arm of the anti-tumor immune response by giving rise to effector T cells that mediate tumor control. In contrast, in autoimmunity stem-like T cells perform an unfavorable role by forming a reservoir of long-lived autoreactive cells that replenish the pathogenic, effector T-cell pool and thereby driving disease pathology. This review provides background on the discovery of stem-like T cells and their function in cancer and autoimmunity. Moreover, the influence of the microbiota and metabolism on the stem-like T-cell pool is summarized. Lastly, the implications of our knowledge about stem-like T cells for clinical treatment strategies for cancer and autoimmunity will be discussed.
类干细胞 T 细胞的特征是自我更新、长期存活和产生异质性效应器和记忆 T 细胞池的能力。单细胞 RNA 测序 (scRNA-seq) 和谱系追踪技术的最新进展揭示了类干细胞 T 细胞在自身免疫和癌症中的重要作用。在癌症中，类干细胞 T 细胞通过产生介导肿瘤控制的效应 T 细胞，构成抗肿瘤免疫反应的重要组成部分。相比之下，在自身免疫中，类干细胞 T 细胞通过形成长寿自身反应性细胞的库来发挥不利作用，这些细胞补充了致病性效应 T 细胞池，从而驱动疾病病理。本文综述了类干细胞 T 细胞的发现及其在癌症和自身免疫中的功能。此外，还总结了微生物群和代谢对类干细胞 T 细胞库的影响。最后，将讨论我们对类干细胞 T 细胞的了解对癌症和自身免疫的临床治疗策略的影响。
