Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2024 Dec 31;20(1):2347019. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2347019. Epub 2024 May 28.
Influenza A viruses pose a significant threat to global health, impacting both humans and animals. Zoonotic transmission, particularly from swine and avian species, is the primary source of human influenza outbreaks. Notably, avian influenza viruses of the H5N1, H7N9, and H9N2 subtypes are of pandemic concern through their global spread and sporadic human infections. Preventing and controlling these viruses is critical due to their high threat level. Vaccination remains the most effective strategy for influenza prevention and control in humans, despite varying vaccine efficacy across strains. This review focuses specifically on pandemic preparedness for avian influenza viruses. We delve into vaccines tested in animal models and summarize clinical trials conducted on H5N1, H7N9, and H9N2 vaccines in humans.
甲型流感病毒对全球健康构成重大威胁，影响人类和动物。人畜共患病传播，特别是猪和禽种的传播，是人类流感爆发的主要来源。值得注意的是，H5N1、H7N9 和 H9N2 亚型的禽流感病毒通过其在全球的传播和偶发的人类感染而引起大流行的关注。由于这些病毒的高威胁水平，预防和控制这些病毒至关重要。尽管不同菌株的疫苗效果存在差异，但疫苗接种仍然是预防和控制人类流感的最有效策略。本综述专门针对禽流感病毒的大流行准备情况。我们深入研究了在动物模型中测试的疫苗，并总结了在人类中进行的针对 H5N1、H7N9 和 H9N2 疫苗的临床试验。
