Popovici Ion Alexandru, Orasanu Cristian Ionut, Cozaru Georgeta-Camelia, Ionescu Anita-Cristina, Kajanto Lidia, Cimpineanu Bogdan, Chisoi Anca, Mitroi Adrian Nelutu, Poinareanu Ionut, Voda Raluca Ioana, Ursica Oana Andreea, Pundiche Mihaela Butcaru
Faculty of Dentistry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 010221 Bucharest, Romania.
Center for Research and Development of the Morphological and Genetic Studies of Malignant Pathology (CEDMOG), "Ovidius" University of Constanta, 900591 Constanta, Romania.
Clin Pract. 2025 Apr 11;15(4):80. doi: 10.3390/clinpract15040080.
: The diversity of the oral microbiota exerts its effects in maintaining dental and overall health. The unique genetic profile of each individual influences the composition of the oral microbiota, determining susceptibility to certain diseases. The aim is to observe its role by highlighting the pathogenic mechanisms involved in oral dysbiosis and identify genetic determinism's influence in maintaining balance. : This study was designed as a narrative review of the oral microbiota, utilizing some of the principles and guidelines of systematic review to increase methodological rigor. We examined 121 articles such as reviews, meta-analyses, editorials, and observational studies, which met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The inclusion criteria for studies were as follows: (1) studies that evaluated the impact of the microbiota in oral or/and systemic diseases; (2) studies that observed pathogenic mechanisms in the oral microbiota; (3) studies that evaluated the interaction of the microbiota with the immune system (4); studies that evaluated genetic implications in the microbiota. : Host genes regulate inflammatory and immunological reactions that play a role in microbiological balance. This explains the increased resistance of some to diseases, including gingivitis or periodontitis. Also, the implications of oral dysbiosis are reflected not only locally, but also generally, being associated with various systemic conditions. : Understanding the pathogenic mechanisms and genetic determinants involved in oral dysbiosis may help create individualized therapies for preventing and managing oral and systemic disorders. A healthy lifestyle and adequate oral hygiene can facilitate a diverse and balanced microbiome, crucial for overall health.
口腔微生物群的多样性在维持牙齿和整体健康方面发挥着作用。个体独特的基因图谱会影响口腔微生物群的组成，决定对某些疾病的易感性。目的是通过突出口腔生态失调所涉及的致病机制来观察其作用，并确定基因决定因素在维持平衡方面的影响。
本研究设计为对口腔微生物群的叙述性综述，利用系统评价的一些原则和指南来提高方法的严谨性。我们审查了121篇文章，如综述、荟萃分析、社论和观察性研究，这些文章符合纳入和排除标准。研究的纳入标准如下：（1）评估微生物群对口腔或/和全身疾病影响的研究；（2）观察口腔微生物群致病机制的研究；（3）评估微生物群与免疫系统相互作用的研究；（4）评估微生物群中基因影响的研究。
宿主基因调节在微生物平衡中起作用的炎症和免疫反应。这解释了一些人对包括牙龈炎或牙周炎在内的疾病抵抗力增强的原因。此外，口腔生态失调的影响不仅在局部有所体现，在整体上也有体现，与各种全身状况相关。
了解口腔生态失调所涉及的致病机制和基因决定因素可能有助于制定个性化治疗方案，以预防和管理口腔及全身疾病。健康的生活方式和良好的口腔卫生有助于形成多样化且平衡的微生物群，这对整体健康至关重要。
