Université Libre de Bruxelles, 808 route de Lennik, Anderlecht, 1070, Belgium.
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Saint-Pierre University Hospital, 105 rue aux Laines, Brussels, 1000, Belgium.
BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2024 May 29;25(1):421. doi: 10.1186/s12891-024-07537-4.
This review aims to study the clinical characteristics, diagnostic results, treatments, and outcomes in patients with heterotopic ossification following COVID-19 infection.
A literature search for eligible articles was conducted using MEDLINE/Pubmed, Global Health, and Scopus databases (January 12th, 2023), including all case reports and case series from any country and language. The criteria for inclusion in this review were cases of COVID-19 infection subsequently developing heterotopic ossification.
This systematic review analysed 15 reports (n = 20 patients) documenting cases of heterotopic ossification following COVID-19 infection. 80% of the patients were male, with a median age of 59 years. All patients required intensive care unit stay with an average duration of 48.5 days. Mechanical ventilation was necessary for all patients and 30% of them underwent tracheostomy. Common symptoms included stiffness and pain, most frequently affecting multiple locations (70%), with the hips and shoulders being predominantly involved. X-rays were the most commonly used imaging modality, followed by computed tomography. Although treatment was given, some of the patients continued to experience symptoms, particularly stiffness.
20 patients who developed heterotopic ossification after COVID-19 have been reported, the majority of which had at least two independent risk factors for this condition. The link between those two clinical entities is therefore uncertain, requiring further investigation. It is nonetheless important to suspect heterotopic ossification in patients with severe COVID-19 infection, prolonged immobilisation, mechanical ventilation, who develop joint pain and stiffness, as this condition can significantly impact patients' quality of life.
CRD42023393516.
本综述旨在研究 COVID-19 感染后异位骨化患者的临床特征、诊断结果、治疗方法和转归。
使用 MEDLINE/Pubmed、全球健康和 Scopus 数据库（2023 年 1 月 12 日）对符合条件的文章进行文献检索，包括来自任何国家和语言的所有病例报告和病例系列。本综述纳入标准为 COVID-19 感染后继发异位骨化的病例。
本系统综述分析了 15 份报告（n=20 例），记录了 COVID-19 感染后异位骨化的病例。80%的患者为男性，中位年龄为 59 岁。所有患者均需入住重症监护病房，平均住院时间为 48.5 天。所有患者均需机械通气，其中 30%的患者行气管切开术。常见症状包括僵硬和疼痛，最常影响多个部位（70%），以臀部和肩部为主。最常使用的影像学检查方法是 X 线，其次是计算机断层扫描。尽管进行了治疗，但一些患者仍持续出现症状，尤其是僵硬。
报告了 20 例 COVID-19 后发生异位骨化的患者，其中大多数至少有两个导致该病的独立危险因素。因此，这两种临床实体之间的联系不确定，需要进一步研究。然而，对于患有严重 COVID-19 感染、长时间固定、机械通气、出现关节疼痛和僵硬的患者，应怀疑异位骨化的发生，因为这种情况会显著影响患者的生活质量。
CRD42023393516。
