School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, M13 9PL Manchester, UK; School of Nursing, School of Public Health, Yangzhou University, 225009 Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China; School of Health Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre (MAHSC), University of Manchester, M13 9PL Manchester, UK.
School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, M13 9PL Manchester, UK; School of Health Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre (MAHSC), University of Manchester, M13 9PL Manchester, UK; Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, M13 9WL Manchester, UK.
Maturitas. 2024 Aug;186:108027. doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2024.108027. Epub 2024 May 24.
There is no precedent for the use of social media in preventing sarcopenia. The aim of this study is to develop a social media-based intervention programme for the young-old population in the community in China to improve their awareness and behaviours regarding sarcopenia prevention.
Using guidelines for developing complex interventions, this study was divided into two main phases: a co-development phase and a preliminary test phase. Both were carried out in Changsha, China. The development phase employed co-design methodology with relevant stakeholders, including two rounds of consultation with patient and public involvement (12 members) and two rounds of focus groups (30 participants); this was followed by the three-week preliminary test phase (22 participants).
This study evaluated the consultation with patient and public involvement, and mainly collected qualitative data from the two rounds of focus group interviews and a final semi-structured interview following the preliminary test, so as to explore the participants' experiences, comments, and suggestions for revising the social media-based intervention. Handgrip strength was also evaluated.
The health education included seven videos of 4-6 min each related to sarcopenia, including information on the concept, influencing factors, adverse effects, manifestations, screening methods, and preventions. The exercise video consisted of four types of training (warm-up, aerobic, resistance, and flexibility training) and lasted 30 min, with a suggested engagement of at least 3 days/week. The specific contents and "dosage" of the final intervention were unanimously favourable to the diverse stakeholders involved (older adults with possible sarcopenia, experts, researchers). After the preliminary test, an improvement in handgrip strength was observed, from M15.92±SD5.22 kg to M19.13±SD5.44 kg (T = -5.44, P < 0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed that this improvement was evident in both men and women.
The social media-based intervention was universally endorsed by the participants and showed indications of a positive influence on sarcopenia. A feasibility study is now needed.
社交媒体在预防肌肉减少症方面尚无先例。本研究旨在为中国社区中的年轻老年人开发一种基于社交媒体的干预方案，以提高他们对预防肌肉减少症的认识和行为。
本研究采用制定复杂干预措施的指南，分为两个主要阶段：共同制定阶段和初步测试阶段。两个阶段均在中国长沙进行。发展阶段采用共同设计方法与相关利益相关者合作，包括两轮与患者和公众参与（12 名成员）和两轮焦点小组（30 名参与者）的咨询；随后是为期三周的初步测试阶段（22 名参与者）。
本研究评估了患者和公众参与的咨询，主要从两轮焦点小组访谈和初步测试后的最终半结构访谈中收集定性数据，以探讨参与者对基于社交媒体的干预的经验、意见和建议。握力也进行了评估。
健康教育包括七个 4-6 分钟的视频，内容涉及肌肉减少症的概念、影响因素、不良影响、表现、筛查方法和预防措施。运动视频包括四种类型的训练（热身、有氧运动、阻力和柔韧性训练），持续 30 分钟，建议每周至少进行 3 天。最终干预的具体内容和“剂量”得到了涉及的不同利益相关者（可能患有肌肉减少症的老年人、专家、研究人员）的一致好评。初步测试后，握力有所提高，从 M15.92±SD5.22kg 增加到 M19.13±SD5.44kg（T=-5.44，P<0.001）。亚组分析显示，男性和女性都有这种改善。
该基于社交媒体的干预措施得到了参与者的普遍认可，并显示出对肌肉减少症有积极影响的迹象。现在需要进行一项可行性研究。
