Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India.
Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2024 Jun;272(Pt 1):132820. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132820. Epub 2024 May 31.
Bone tissue engineering (BTE) aims to develop implantable bone replacements for severe skeletal abnormalities that do not heal. In the field of BTE, chitosan (CS) has become a leading polysaccharide in the development of bone scaffolds. Although CS has several excellent properties, such as biodegradability, biocompatibility, and antibacterial properties, it has limitations for use in BTE because of its poor mechanical properties, increased degradation, and minimal bioactivity. To address these issues, researchers have explored other biomaterials, such as synthetic polymers, ceramics, and CS coatings on metals, to produce CS-based biocomposite scaffolds for BTE applications. These CS-based biocomposite scaffolds demonstrate superior properties, including mechanical characteristics, such as compressive strength, Young's modulus, and tensile strength. In addition, they are compatible with neighboring tissues, exhibit a controlled rate of degradation, and promote cell adhesion, proliferation, and osteoblast differentiation. This review provides a brief outline of the recent progress in making different CS-based biocomposite scaffolds and how to characterize them so that their mechanical properties can be tuned using crosslinkers for bone regeneration.
骨组织工程（BTE）旨在为无法愈合的严重骨骼畸形开发可植入的骨替代物。在 BTE 领域，壳聚糖（CS）已成为开发骨支架的主要多糖。尽管 CS 具有生物降解性、生物相容性和抗菌性等多种优异特性，但由于其机械性能差、降解增加和生物活性低，限制了其在 BTE 中的应用。为了解决这些问题，研究人员探索了其他生物材料，如合成聚合物、陶瓷和金属上的 CS 涂层，以生产用于 BTE 应用的 CS 基生物复合材料支架。这些 CS 基生物复合材料支架表现出优异的性能，包括机械特性，如抗压强度、杨氏模量和拉伸强度。此外，它们与邻近组织兼容，具有可控的降解率，并促进细胞黏附、增殖和成骨细胞分化。本综述简要概述了制造不同 CS 基生物复合材料支架的最新进展，以及如何对其进行表征，以便使用交联剂来调节它们的机械性能，从而促进骨再生。
