Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India.
Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2020 Dec 1;164:1960-1972. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.08.053. Epub 2020 Aug 12.
Bone is a highly integrative and dynamic tissue of the human body that is regularly modeled and remodeled by bone cells such as osteoblasts and osteoclasts. When a fraction of a bone is damaged or deformed, stem cells and bone cells under the influence of several signaling pathways regulate bone regeneration at the particular locale, but in a dilatory manner. To overcome this problem, the field of bone tissue engineering (BTE) utilizes various bio-composite scaffolds that incorporate cells and appropriate growth factors to promote osteogenesis. Nanosheets are in two-dimensional (2D)-atomic structures, and metallic and non-metallic nanosheets play a keen role in biomedical applications, including BTE. Due to their intrinsic mechanical properties such as durability and flexibility, nanosheets strengthen the bio-composite scaffolds containing natural polymers (chitosan, gelatin, and collagen), synthetic polymers, bio-ceramics, and bio-glasses. Incorporating nanosheets into bio-composites promotes the bio-functionality of the cells, such as cell adhesion and osteoblast differentiation. Hence, this review was aimed to provide a detailed study on the nanosheets-incorporated bio-composites and their properties for BTE applications.
骨骼是人体中高度综合和动态的组织，由成骨细胞和破骨细胞等骨骼细胞定期进行塑造和重塑。当骨骼的一部分受损或变形时，在几种信号通路的影响下，干细胞和骨骼细胞会在特定部位调节骨再生，但速度较慢。为了克服这个问题，骨组织工程（BTE）领域利用各种包含细胞和适当生长因子的生物复合材料支架来促进成骨。纳米片是二维（2D）原子结构，金属和非金属纳米片在包括 BTE 在内的生物医学应用中发挥着重要作用。由于其内在的机械性能，如耐久性和柔韧性，纳米片增强了包含天然聚合物（壳聚糖、明胶和胶原）、合成聚合物、生物陶瓷和生物玻璃的生物复合材料支架。将纳米片纳入生物复合材料可促进细胞的生物功能，如细胞黏附和成骨细胞分化。因此，本综述旨在详细研究纳米片增强的生物复合材料及其在 BTE 应用中的特性。
