Crebelli R, Conti G, Conti L, Carere A
Mutat Res. 1985 Mar;155(3):105-11. doi: 10.1016/0165-1218(85)90126-0.
A trichloroethylene (TCE) sample, free of epoxides, has been assayed for its ability to induce gene mutations (methionine suppressors) and mitotic segregation in the mould Aspergillus nidulans. No increase in the spontaneous frequency of methionine suppressors was observed when conidia of a haploid strain were plated on selective medium and exposed to TCE vapours. A weak but statistically significant increase in methionine suppressors was detected, however, when conidia of cultures grown and conidiated in the presence of TCE vapours were plated onto selective media. Growing colonies of a heterozygous diploid strain were exposed to TCE vapours to investigate the induction of mitotic segregation. Scoring and phenotypic analysis of segregant sectors showed a significant increase in the frequency of haploids and 'non-disjunctional' diploids but not of cross-overs. Treatment of quiescent conidia in liquid medium was ineffective. Trichloroethanol and chloral hydrate, two main TCE metabolites in mammals, shared the ability to induce somatic segregation demonstrated by TCE vapours. On the grounds of these results the possible endogenous metabolic conversion of TCE into trichloroethanol and chloral hydrate is hypothesized.
对一份不含环氧化物的三氯乙烯（TCE）样品进行了检测，以评估其在构巢曲霉中诱导基因突变（甲硫氨酸抑制子）和有丝分裂分离的能力。当将单倍体菌株的分生孢子接种在选择性培养基上并暴露于TCE蒸汽时，未观察到甲硫氨酸抑制子的自发频率增加。然而，当将在TCE蒸汽存在下生长并产生分生孢子的培养物的分生孢子接种到选择性培养基上时，检测到甲硫氨酸抑制子有微弱但具有统计学意义的增加。将杂合二倍体菌株的生长菌落暴露于TCE蒸汽中，以研究有丝分裂分离的诱导情况。对分离扇形区的评分和表型分析表明，单倍体和“不分离”二倍体的频率显著增加，但交叉频率未增加。在液体培养基中处理静止分生孢子无效。三氯乙醇和水合氯醛是哺乳动物体内TCE的两种主要代谢产物，它们具有TCE蒸汽所显示的诱导体细胞分离的能力。基于这些结果，推测TCE可能在体内代谢转化为三氯乙醇和水合氯醛。
