School of Nursing, Faculty of Community and Health Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa.
Afr J Prim Health Care Fam Med. 2024 May 14;16(1):e1-e7. doi: 10.4102/phcfm.v16i1.4246.
Cardiovascular diseases pose a risk to population health in South Africa and are responsible for almost one in six deaths (17.3%).
To determine the cardiovascular risk among community members who attended a community outreach programme.
Three communities in the Cape Metropole of the Western Cape.
A health survey was conducted with 783 participants, 18 years and older, conveniently sampled. The survey included questions about cardiovascular risk factors, and biometric measurements of blood pressure (BP), height and weight were conducted.
A total of 777 participants were included in the study. Most participants were female (529, 68.1%), with an average age of 42.3 years (s.d. 14.2). Risk behaviours reported included smoking (216, 27.8%), consuming more than two drinks of alcohol daily (78, 10%), low physical activity (384, 49.4%), being stressed on most days (436, 56.1%) and unhealthy eating habits (253, 32.6%). More than half of the participants (402, 51.7%) had a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30, 26.0% (202) had a systolic BP of ≥ 140 mm Hg and 22.4% (174) had a diastolic BP of ≥ 90 mm Hg; 16.6% (130) had a cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk of 10-20 and 19.3% (150) had a CVD risk of 20%.
Nearly a fifth of the participants had a significant probability of developing heart disease or experiencing a stroke over the next 10 years.Contribution: There is an urgent need for comprehensive health promotion and behaviour change interventions focused on reducing CVD risk factors at the community level.
心血管疾病对南非的人口健康构成威胁，导致近六分之一的人死亡（17.3%）。
确定参加社区外展计划的社区成员的心血管风险。
西开普省开普都会区的三个社区。
对 783 名 18 岁及以上的方便样本进行健康调查。调查包括心血管危险因素的问题，并进行血压（BP）、身高和体重的生物计量测量。
共有 777 名参与者纳入研究。大多数参与者为女性（529 名，68.1%），平均年龄为 42.3 岁（标准差 14.2）。报告的风险行为包括吸烟（216 名，27.8%）、每天饮用超过两杯酒（78 名，10%）、低体力活动（384 名，49.4%）、大多数日子感到压力（436 名，56.1%）和不健康的饮食习惯（253 名，32.6%）。超过一半的参与者（402 名，51.7%）的体重指数（BMI）≥30，26.0%（202 名）的收缩压≥140mmHg，22.4%（174 名）的舒张压≥90mmHg；16.6%（130 名）的心血管疾病（CVD）风险为 10-20，19.3%（150 名）的 CVD 风险为 20%。
近五分之一的参与者在未来 10 年内有发生心脏病或中风的高风险。
迫切需要在社区一级开展全面的健康促进和行为改变干预措施，以减少心血管危险因素。
