Obadipe John Abiodun, Samuel Titilola Aderonke, Jimoh Mutiu Alani, Folorunso Sharif Adeniyi
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos. Lagos State, Nigeria.
Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Ibadan/ University College Hospital (UCH) Ibadan. Oyo State, Nigeria.
Niger Med J. 2022 Sep 12;63(3):196-203. doi: 10.60787/NMJ-63-3-102. eCollection 2022 May-Jun.
Chemotherapy is an important treatment modality widely employed for cancer management. The study investigated nephrotoxicity and electrolytes disorders induced by chemotherapy in the cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy in selected Nigerian Tertiary Health care.
The participants of the study comprised 130 cancer patients aged 18- 70 years, purposively recruited from three medical centers in south-west Nigeria. Participants' socio-demographics and chemotherapy administered were obtained using questionnaire. Three milliliters of blood sample was collected intravenously from the participants before and after the last course of chemotherapy and centrifuged at 3000rpm for 10 minutes to obtain serum. The levels of electrolytes, creatinine, and urea in the serum samples were determined spectrophotometrically by automated Roche Hitachi 912 Chemistry Auto-Analyzer. The estimated glomeruli filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated using creatinine based Ukidney online eGFR-calculator while nephrotoxicity was determined according to U.S National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse events version 4.0. Collected data were expressed as mean ±standard error of the mean using IBM- SPSS version 22.0software. T- test were employed to test for significance at P< 0.05.
Findings from the study revealed significant decrease in the pre-chemotherapy sodium, potassium, chloride ion levels and eGFR as compared to that of post chemotherapy. Also, a significant increase in the pre-chemotherapy creatinine and urea levels as compared to that of post chemotherapy was observed.
Overall, the significant reduction in the electrolyte profiles and estimated eGFR alongside with the significant increase in the mean creatinine and urea profiles recorded after chemotherapy administration confirmed chemotherapy-induced electrolytes disorders and renal toxicity in the cancer participants.
化疗是癌症治疗中广泛应用的重要治疗方式。本研究调查了尼日利亚部分三级医疗保健机构中接受化疗的癌症患者化疗引起的肾毒性和电解质紊乱情况。
本研究的参与者包括130名年龄在18至70岁之间的癌症患者，他们是从尼日利亚西南部的三个医疗中心有目的地招募而来。通过问卷调查获取参与者的社会人口统计学信息和所接受的化疗情况。在最后一个化疗疗程前后，从参与者静脉采集3毫升血液样本，以3000转/分钟的速度离心10分钟以获得血清。使用罗氏日立912全自动化学分析仪通过分光光度法测定血清样本中的电解质、肌酐和尿素水平。使用基于肌酐的英国肾脏在线eGFR计算器计算估计肾小球滤过率（eGFR），而肾毒性则根据美国国立癌症研究所不良事件通用术语标准第4.0版来确定。收集的数据使用IBM-SPSS 22.0软件表示为平均值±平均标准误差。采用t检验在P<0.05水平检验显著性。
研究结果显示，与化疗后相比，化疗前的钠、钾、氯离子水平和eGFR显著降低。此外，与化疗后相比，化疗前的肌酐和尿素水平显著升高。
总体而言，化疗后电解质水平和估计的eGFR显著降低，同时平均肌酐和尿素水平显著升高，这证实了化疗在癌症参与者中引起了电解质紊乱和肾毒性。
