School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
Department of Economics, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan.
PLoS One. 2024 Jun 5;19(6):e0304088. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304088. eCollection 2024.
In this digital age, promoting economic development through technology innovation and adoption has become a pressing matter, contributing to increased productivity and, in turn, carbon emissions. Consequently, this study employs a novel technique (Newey-West Standard Error Method, Technology Adaptation Model) to quantify information and communication technology (ICT) adoption rates as a proxy indicator for evaluating the Persian Gulf economy's technology development. Moreover, this study investigates the evidence of the environmental Kuznets curve, with trade openness, technological adoption, and innovation as sustainable development controls. The findings reveal that two of three technological innovation instruments, fixed telephone, and internet subscriptions, increase carbon emissions. In contrast, mobile cellular subscriptions simultaneously reduce carbon emissions in the Persian Gulf. Furthermore, measures of technology adoption, high-technology exports, and electricity use contribute to the increase in carbon emissions. Trade openness also raises carbon emissions in the Persian Gulf. These findings suggest that policymakers must develop technological innovation and adoption strategies that effectively promote a greener environment.
在这个数字时代，通过技术创新和采用来促进经济发展已经成为当务之急，这有助于提高生产力，进而增加碳排放。因此，本研究采用一种新的技术（Newey-West 标准误差方法、技术适应模型）来量化信息和通信技术（ICT）的采用率，作为评估波斯湾经济技术发展的代理指标。此外，本研究还调查了环境库兹涅茨曲线的证据，其中贸易开放度、技术采用和创新作为可持续发展的控制因素。研究结果表明，三种技术创新工具中有两种，即固定电话和互联网订阅，会增加碳排放。相比之下，移动蜂窝订阅同时减少了波斯湾的碳排放。此外，技术采用措施、高科技出口和用电量也导致了碳排放的增加。贸易开放度也增加了波斯湾的碳排放。这些发现表明，政策制定者必须制定技术创新和采用策略，以有效地促进更环保的环境。
