Service Laboratoire, Clinique Aries Medicus, Port-Gentil, Gabon.
Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kesmonds International University, Bamenda, Cameroon.
Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2024 Jun;18(6):e13238. doi: 10.1111/irv.13238.
COVID-19 may become a seasonal disease. SARS-CoV-2 active circulation coupled with vaccination efforts has undoubtedly modified the virus dynamic. It is therefore important investigate SARS-CoV-2 dynamic in different groups of population following the course of spatiotemporal variance and immunization.
To investigate SARS-CoV-2 clearance in different ethnic groups and the impact of immunization, we recruited 777 SARS-CoV-2-positive patients (570 Africans, 156 Caucasians, and 51 Asians). Participants were followed and regularly tested for 2 months until they had two negative tests.
The vaccination rate was 64.6%. African individuals were less symptomatic (2%), Caucasians (41%) and Asians (36.6%). On average, viral clearance occurred after 10.5 days. Viral load at diagnosis was inversely correlated with viral clearance (p < 0.0001). The time of SARS-CoV-2 clearance was higher in Africans and Caucasians than in Asians (Dunn's test p < 0.0001 and p < 0.05, respectively). On average, viral clearance occurred within 9.5 days during the second semester (higher rate of vaccination and SARS-CoV-2 exposition), whereas it took 13.6 days during the first semester (lower rate of vaccination and SARS-CoV-2 exposition) (Mann-Whitney t-test p < 0.0001).
In conclusion, ethnicity and spatiotemporal changes including SARS-CoV-2 exposition and immunization affect SARS-CoV-2 clearance.
COVID-19 可能成为一种季节性疾病。SARS-CoV-2 的活跃传播加上疫苗接种工作，无疑改变了病毒的动态。因此，重要的是要在时空变化和免疫接种的背景下，研究不同人群中 SARS-CoV-2 的动态。
为了研究不同人群中 SARS-CoV-2 的清除情况以及免疫接种的影响，我们招募了 777 名 SARS-CoV-2 阳性患者（570 名非洲人、156 名白种人和 51 名亚洲人）。对参与者进行了随访，并定期进行检测，直到他们有两次阴性检测结果。
疫苗接种率为 64.6%。非洲人症状较轻（2%），白种人（41%）和亚洲人（36.6%）。平均而言，病毒清除发生在 10.5 天后。诊断时的病毒载量与病毒清除呈负相关（p<0.0001）。非洲人和白种人的 SARS-CoV-2 清除时间高于亚洲人（Dunn 检验 p<0.0001 和 p<0.05）。平均而言，在第二学期内，病毒清除发生在 9.5 天内（接种率和 SARS-CoV-2 暴露率较高），而在第一学期内，病毒清除需要 13.6 天（接种率和 SARS-CoV-2 暴露率较低）（Mann-Whitney t 检验 p<0.0001）。
总之，种族和时空变化，包括 SARS-CoV-2 暴露和免疫接种，影响 SARS-CoV-2 的清除。
